a system in which all religion are considered eqwal point equality or liberty secular
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With the Forty-second Amendment of the Constitution of India enacted in 1976,[1] the Preamble to the Constitution asserted that India is a secular nation.[2][3] Officially, secularism has always inspired modern India.[2] The Supreme Court of India stated that India was secular since the Republic was founded through Part III of the constitution that deals with fundamental rights.[4] There is separation of religion and state. For example, it does not have an official state religion and state-owned educational institutions are constitutionally prohibited (Article 28(1)) from imparting religious instructions. Furthermore, Article 27 of the constitution of India prohibits the use of tax-payer's money for funding or promoting anything religious, such as funding religious pilgrimages, building places of worships, funding religious organisations for a non-secular activity etc.[5][6] India, however, does not completely separate religion and state.[2] The Indian Constitution has allowed extensive interference of the state in calling for restrictions in religious affairs, such as the abolition of caste system and untouchability.[7][8] The Islamic Central Wakf Council, which is a statutory body under the government tasked with managing and maintaining historical Islamic heritage architectures, and many Hindu temples which are considered to be heritage structures of unique architecture are administered and managed by the Indian government[9][10]. Several states in India also have laws that restrict proselytizing by religious groups or organisations.[11] The Supreme Court of India and different high courts on several high profile cases ruled on issues of secularism and the separation of state and religion further evolving the discourse of secularism in modern India. [12]
In matters of personal law (marriage, divorce etc.) in modern India, however, the applicable code of law is unequal in cases of personal laws – on matters such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, alimony – varies with an individual's religion or the lack thereof [13][9]. The attempt to respect unequal, religious law has created a number of issues in India such as acceptability of polygamy (have been since outlawed), unequal inheritance rights, extra judicial unilateral divorce rights favorable to some males (have been since outlawed), and conflicting interpretations of religious books.[14][15]
Secularism as practiced in India, with its marked differences with Western practice of secularism, is a controversial topic in India. Supporters of the Indian concept of secularism claim it respects "minorities and pluralism". Critics claim the Indian form of secularism as "pseudo-secularism".[2][16] Supporters state that any attempt to introduce a uniform civil code, that is equal laws for every citizen irrespective of his or her religion, would impose majoritarian Hindu sensibilities and ideals.[17][9] Critics state that India's acceptance of Sharia and religious laws violates the principle of Equality before the law