Question

(a) Tabulate the differences in the characterisitcs of states of matter.
(b) Comment upon the following: rigidity, compressibility, fluidity, filling a gas container, shape, kinetic energy and density.

NCERT Class 9th Science Ch 1 Matter in Our Surroundings

Answer 1

a) the solid state
a these have a definite shape,distinct boundaries and fixed volume. solid have tendency to maintain their shape. so they are called rigid
b) the liquid state
liquids have no fixed shape but have fixed volume. they take up the shape of container. liquid flow and change shape so they are called fluid.

comment upon the following
compressibility: due to its high compressibility larger volume of gas can be compressed into a small cylinders and transported easily.

Rigidity: solids have tendency to maintain their shape so they are called rigid.
fluidity: liquids can take up the shape of container. so they are called fluid.

shape: the solid shape
It has definite shape ,distinct boundaries and fixed volume

the liquid shape
It has no fixed shape but fixed volume.

kinetic energy: on increasing the temperature of solids , the kinetic energy of particles also increase. due to increase in kinetic energy the particles starts vibrating with greater speed.

Answer 2

Rigidity: The condition which do not alters the shape of solids.

Compressibility: Compressing particles of gases

is called compressiblity.

Filling a gas container: In the laboratory, after the preparation of gases, they are collected in gas jar. This is called filling a gas container.

Fludity: Fluidity means flowing of liquids freely.

Shape: Things are in which form is called shape.

Kinetic energy: The energy possessed by moving body is called kinestic energy.

Density: Density is the mass per unit.