Question

A: There are many factors which control the formation of landforms. R: The factors are climate, type of rocks, intensity of erosion, slope of the land and obstacles. identify the correct relation​

Answer 1

Explanation:A fourth factor of soil formation is the configuration of the landscape; i.e., the topography of the area in which the soil develops.

Topography affects soil formation in various ways. Where the land is flat, the processes of energy exchange and of water inflow and release tend to be vertical, so the soil develops to a characteristic depth. In contrast, where the land slopes steeply, a considerable portion of the rainfall flows downslope over the surface (a phenomenon called runoff), often scouring the surface and causing erosion. Consequently, the soils on sloping ground tend to be shallower and drier that those situated on plateaus or in valleys.

The water shed from the sloping ground brings more moisture and deposits additional sediment in the valleys, or bottomlands. Valley soils may even accumulate shallow groundwater due to impeded drainage, and consequently be poorly aerated.

The soils that form in sequential sections of the landscape tend to differ in microclimatic conditions, although they are located in the same macroclimate zone and on similar parent material. The succession of such soils—from plateau or hilltop to slope to hill bottom to valley—is called a toposequence, or catena (from the Latin word suggesting “a chain”).