Question

(a) What are organic acids and mineral acids?
(b) Give two examples each of organic acids and mineral acids.
(c) State some of the uses of mineral acids in industry.

Answer 1

Answer: Organic acids- The acids which are present in plant minerals and animals are called organic acids. For eg: acetic acid and lactic acid.

Mineral acids- The acids prepared from the minerals of earth are called mineral acids. For eg: hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid.

Uses of mineral acids in industries are -

i) carbonic acid is one type of mineral acid which is used in fizzy soft drinks.

Answer 2

Answer:

ORGANIC ACIDS

• The acids present in plant materials and animals are called organic acids.

• These are naturally occurring acids.

Examples:

• Acetic Acid ethanoic - Vinegar (sirka)

• Citric Acid – Citrus fruits (lemons, oranges)

• Lactic Acid – Sour milk or curd

• Tartaric Acid – Tamarind, unripe grape

• Oxalic Acid - tomatoes

• Formic Acid or Methanoic Acid - Ant sting

or nettle leaf sting

★ MINERAL ACIDS

• The acids prepared from the minerals of the earth are called mineral acids.

• These are man-made acids.

Example: Nitric Acid (HNO₃), Hydrochloric acid (HCl), Sulphuric acid (H2SO4), etc.

(Concentrated mineral acids are dangerous. They can burn our hand & clothes.

In laboratory, acids are generally mixed with water to dilute them these acids are called dilute acids.)