a) What are the various methods by which minerals are extracted? Explain any two (3+2=5 marks)
b) Define the following: (1 x 3 =3 marks)
1. Mineral
2. Ore
3. Metallic Minerals
Answers
Answer:
a.underground, open surface (pit), placer, and in-situ mining.
Underground Mining
Relatively costly and frequently used to get to deeper deposits, underground mining involves digging down into the earth and creating tunnels and shafts that reach the deposits of resources. Ore and other resources can then be brought up to the surface for processing, while waste rock can be removed for disposal.
Surface Mining
Surface mining involves removal of plant life, soil and potentially bedrock to be able to access resource deposits. It is normally used for fairly shallow, non-precious deposits. The two foremost kinds of surface mining are open-pit mining and strip mining.
b.1.The naturally occurring compounds of elements are known as Mineral. Ore: The mineral from which element can be extracted easily and profitably is called an ore. Gangue: The impurities present in the ore such as sand, rocks etc are non as gangue.
2.Metals found in a combined state in the earth's crust are known as minerals. Only those minerals that have a relatively high concentration of metal and can be extracted in an easy and cost-effective process are called ores. The only metals found in free (or) native state are gold and platinum.
3.Metallic minerals are those minerals which can be melted to obtain new products. They are usually hard and have shines or luster of their own. When hit, they don't break. Examples of metallic minerals are iron, copper, bauxite, tin etc. Non-metallic minerals are those which do not yield new products on melting
Answer:
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