Question

(a) What happens when ethanoic acid reacts with sodium hydroxide? Write equation of the reaction involved.
(b) What happens when vegetable oils are hydrogenated? Name the catalyst used.
(c) What is the advantage of detergents over soaps for washing clothes? Also state one disadvantage.

Answer 1

Answer:

1) Ethanoic acid reacts with Sodium Hydroxide to give salt (Sodium ethanoate a commonly called Sodium Acetate) and water.

NaOH + CH3COOH = CH3COONa + H2O.

2) When vegetable oil is hydrogenated it is converted into Vanaspati ghee ( Dalda ).

3)

1) Unlike soaps, detergents can work in hard water.

2) They also have a stronger cleansing action than soap.

Disadvantages of detergent

1) The major disadvantage of detergents is that they are non-biodegradable.

2) They cause soil pollution and water pollution.

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Answer 2

Explanation:

When ethanoic reacts with sodium hydroxide and salt is called sodium ethanoate is soluble in aqueous solution.

The balanced equation:

$\mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COOH}+\mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{COONa}+\mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}.$

• B) The process of hydrogenation involves the use of hydrogen molecules to saturate organic compounds, in the presence of a catalyst. 
• Catalysts are species that are used to speed up the rate of a reaction without being consumed during the process.
• Keep in mind that catalysts are essential to running this reaction. Typical catalysts used during hydrogenation are metals such as nickel and platinum.

Advantages:

• Detergents will work well even in hard water but soap does not.
• Detergents are more efficiently soluble in water than soaps.

• Detergents having linear hydrocarbon chains are biodegradable.

Disadvantages:

• Synthetic detergents becoming branched hydrocarbon chains are not entirely biodegradable.