a) What is a Abacus?
b) write short note on:
i) Napier bones
ii) Dr. Herman Hollerith
ili) ENIAC
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Answers
Answer:
a) The abacus, also called a counting frame, is a calculating tool that was in use in the ancient Near East, Europe, China, and Russia, centuries before the adoption of the written Arabic numeral system. The exact origin of the abacus is still unknown.
b) Napier's bones is a manually-operated calculating device created by John Napier of Merchiston, Scotland for the calculation of products and quotients of numbers. The method was based on lattice multiplication, and was also called 'rabdology', a word invented by Napier himself.
Herman Hollerith was an American businessman, inventor, and statistician who developed an electromechanical tabulating machine for punched cards to assist in summarizing information and, later, in accounting.
ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) was the first electronic general-purpose digital computer. It was Turing-complete, and able to solve "a large class of numerical problems" through reprogramming.