a) What is a growth medium?
b) Why does a growth medium contain hormones?
Give two advantages of tissue culture.
Give one big disadvantage of cloning.
Answers
A growth medium or culture medium is a solid, liquid or semi-solid designed to support the growth of a population of microorganisms or cells via the process of cell proliferation,[1] or small plants like the moss Physcomitrella patens.[2] Different types of media are used for growing different types of cells.[3]
The two major types of growth media are those used for cell culture, which use specific cell types derived from plants or animals, and microbiological culture, which are used for growing microorganisms, such as bacteria or fungi. The most common growth media for microorganisms are nutrient broths and agar plates; specialized media are sometimes required for microorganism and cell culture growth.[1] Some organisms, termed fastidious organisms, require specialized environments due to complex nutritional requirements. Viruses, for example, are obligate intracellular parasites and require a growth medium containing living cells.
Earlier studies have shown a stimulatory effect of diabetic serum on the growth of rabbit aortic medial cell cultures. Growth media supplemented with normal serum with added insulin (50-2,000 muU./ml. serum) did not enhance the growth of the medial cell cultures. Control media containing serum from recent diabetics with low insulin concentration stimulated the growth (2p less than 0.01). Supplementation of normal serum with human growth hormone (final concentration 1-5 ng./ml. medium) resulted in a significant enhancement of growth (2p less than 0.005). The growth-promoting effect of growth hormone was not detectable with lower concentrations (0.5 ng. and 0.1 ng./ml. medium). The growth effect of the low concentration of growth hormone could not be augmented by increasing the concentration of glucose in the incubation medium. Growth hormone in an amount of 1 ng./ml. medium increased both the number of 3H-thymidine-labeled cells as identified by autoradiography and the number of mitotic bodies (2p less than 0.005 and 2 p less than 0.025). The present results demonstrate that the growth-stimulating factor(s) in diabetic human serum described earlier is not insulin but may well be growth hormone.
Advantages of Tissue Culture: These techniques have certain advantages over traditional methods of propagation. They produce exact copies of plants required that have desirable traits. ... Multiple plants are produced in the absence of seeds or necessary pollinators to produce seeds.
List of Disadvantages of Cloning
It comes with a degree of uncertainty as of yet. ...
It is expected to bring about new diseases. ...
It might lead to problems in organ rejection. ...
It decreases gene diversity. ...
In-Breeding. ...
It can lead to disruption of parenting and family life. ...
It can cause a further divide.
Answer:
a)it is solid, liquid or semi-solid designed to support the growth of a population of microorganisms or cells
b)promote the synthesis of bioactive compounds of jasminoides leaf
c)Multiple plants are produced in the absence of seeds..it is a traditional method
d)it is expected to bring new varieties of diseases..it can cause a futher divide..