(a) What is a homologous series ? Explain with an example.
(b) State two characteristics of a homologous series.
(c) The molecular formula of an organic compound is C18H36. Name its homologous series.
(d) Select the hydrocarbons which belong to the same homologous series. Give the name of each series.
CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H6, C4H10, C3H4, C3H6
(e) What is meant by ‘heteroatom’? Give examples. Write the names and formulae of two organic compounds containing different heteroatoms.
Lakhmir Singh Chemistry Class 10
Answers
Explanation:
a)a homologous series is a series of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties.
b)similar chemical properties
they differ by CH2
gradual increase in physical properties
they have same general formula
c)alkenes
d)alcohols CH3OH , C2H5OH , C3H8OH , C4H10.OH
General formula=C(n)H(2n+1)OH
e)atoms other than carbon and hydrogen in organic compounds which decide chemical properties of that compound
Ex Nitrogen Oxygen Sulphur Halogens etc
Ex C3H7(Cl). CH3(O)H
H H H
| | |
C-C-C-Cl
| | |
H H H
..a homologous seriess is a series of carbon compounds that have different number of carbon atoms but contains the same function group
for example:- methane, ethane ,propane,butane ect..... are all part of alkane homologous series. the general formula of the series is CnH2n + 2.
methane cH4 ethane CH3
.. the two characteristics of homologous series are
1. the general formula
2. the functional group
.. the molecular formula of an organic compound is C18H36. and it belongs to alkene group
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