Question

(a)What is a spontaneous process? Mention the conditions for a reaction to be spontaneous at constant temperature and pressure.

(b) Discuss the effect of temperature on the spontaneity of an exothermic reaction.​

Answer 1

Answer :-

(a) A process is said to be spontaneous if it takes place by itself by own or under some condition. ∆G gives a criteria for spontaneity at constant temperature and pressure.

(b) If the temperature is so high that T∆S > ∆H in magnitude, ∆G will be positive and the process will be non-spontaneous.

If the temperature is made low so that T∆S < ∆H in magnitude, ∆G will be negative and the process will be spontaneous.

Answer 2

Answer:

a. Spontaneous Process: A process that occurs on its own without much input of energy from an external source.

Conditions for reaction to be spontaneous:

• ΔG should be negative for a process to be spontaneous at constant temperature and pressure.

b. The reaction which is non-spontaneous at high temperature may become spontaneous at low temperature.

Explanation:

Here ΔG= ΔH - TΔS

So, here if ΔS is greater than ΔH then the process is spontaneous.