(a) What is produced if an acid is added to a base?
(b) Why does dry HCl gas not change the colour of dry litmus paper?
(c) What colour does phenolphthalein indicator turn when added to an alkali (such as sodium hydroxide)?
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Answer:
A) When an acid is added to a base, corresponding salt and water are produced.
b) It does not change colour as water is required for formation of hydronium ions which gives an acid it's acidic properties. Since dry HCl does not possess hydronium ions it does not change colour of the litmus paper
C) It turns pink in colour
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Explanation:
(a) Acid and base reaction:
- When acid and base react, then neutralization occurs. As a result of neutralization, a salt is formed based on the reactants.
- The reaction can be between strong acids and strong bases; a weak acids and strong bases; a weak bases and strong acids; and a weak acids and weak bases.
(b) Dry litmus paper:
- The colour of the litmus paper does not change because the acidic nature is exhibited only in aqueous nature.
- The acidic nature is exhibited when the hydrogen ions is donated, so the acid only acts when it is aqueous in nature.
(c) Phenolphthalein indicator:
- When alkali reacts with phenolphthalein, then it turns into pink colour.
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