Question

(a) What is the difference between soft and hard detergent? (b) What is saponification of oils and fats?

Answer 1

Soaps from highly saturated, solid fats, such as tallow, lard, or shortening, are hard. Saponification of an unsaturated oil, such as olive oil, gives a soft soap. Treatrment of a soap solution with dilute hydrochloric acid produces a mixture of fatty acids.

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