a) What is the gold foil experiment?
b) Name the scientist who performed this experiment.
c) Write the conclusions of Rutherford’s model of atom.
d) Write Shortcomings of Rutherford’s model of atom.
Answers
Answer:
Ans-a) The Geiger–Marsden experiments were a landmark series of experiments by which scientists learned that every atom has a nucleus where all of its positive charge and most of its mass is concentrated. They deduced this after measuring how an alpha particle beam is scattered when it strikes a thin metal foil.
Ans-b) Answer. In 1911, Rutherford performed the gold foil experiment. He bombarded a stream of a-particles on a gold foil, a thin sheet which was 0.00006 cm thick in an evacuated chamber. An a-particle is a positively charged helium ion (He +).
Ans-c) Conclusion of Rutherford's scattering experiment:
Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected. Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space.
Ans-d) This atomic model failed to explain stability of atoms. According to the model, electrons revolve around the positively charged nucleus. It's not possible for a long run as we know atoms are stable while any particle in a circular orbit would undergo acceleration.
Answer:
What is Gold foil experiment?
Vacuum tube experiments concluded that electrons, protons and neutrons are the fundamental particles of all atoms. Many hypothesis and experiments were proposed to know the distribution of these fundamental particles inside the atom. Thomson suggested a model of the spherical atom with positive charge distributed over the entire volume and electrons placed on it like plums on a cake. Rutherford tried to determine the structure of the atom experimentally.
2)Answer. In 1911, Rutherford performed the gold foil experiment. He bombarded a stream of a-particles on a gold foil, a thin sheet which was 0.00006 cm thick in an evacuated chamber. An a-particle is a positively charged helium ion (He +).
3)Conclusion of Rutherford's scattering experiment:
Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected. Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space.
4)This atomic model failed to explain stability of atoms. According to the model, electrons revolve around the positively charged nucleus. It's not possible for a long run as we know atoms are stable while any particle in a circular orbit would undergo acceleration.