a) What is thermal expansion?
b) If no gap is left between the two rail joints along a railway track, what would happen to them during hot summer days
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a) Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change its shape, area, volume, and density in response to a change in temperature, usually not including phase transitions. Temperature is a monotonic function of the average molecular kinetic energy of a substance.
b) The gap is left between the rails to provide a space for the iron metal to expand and contract during the summer and winter season due to the change in the temperatures. If the gap is not left in between then the rails will bend more and cause derailing of the trains.
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