(a) What mass of potassium nitrate would be needed to
produce a saturated solution of potassium nitrate in
50 grams of water at 313 K?
(b) Pragya makes a saturated solution of potassium chloride
in water at 353 K and leaves the solution to cool at room
temperature. What would she observe as the solution
cools? Explain.
(c) Find the solubility of each salt at 293 K. Which salt has
the highest solubility at this temperature?
d)What is the effect of change of temperature on the
solubility of a salt?
Answers
Answer:
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(a) 31 g
Thus, 31 g potassium nitrate would be needed to produce a saturated solution of potassium nitrate in 50 g of water at 313 K.
(b) 54g per 100g
Some soluble potassium chloride will separate out in the form of crystal at room temperature because the solubility of potassium chloride will decrease.
(c) Sodium chloride at 293 K is = 36 g,
Potassium chloride at 293k is=35g Ammonium chloride at 293 K is = 37 g.
The solubility of Sodium chloride at 293 K is = 36 g. The solubility of Potassium chloride at 293 K is = 35 g. The solubility of Ammonium chloride at 293 K is = 37 g. Therefore the solubility of Ammonium chloride is highest at this temperature.
(d) The solubility increases with temperature. The increase in kinetic energy that comes with higher temperatures allows the solvent molecules to more effectively break apart the solute molecules that are held together by intermolecular attractions.