Question

a. Write short notes on the following:
1. Mercantalism 2. monopoly of the Portuguese
3. Causes of British success and French failur. 4. mir Qasim 5. outcome of the battle of Buxar
6. Robert Clive
​

Answer 1

$\huge\bf\red{ \mid{ \overline{ \underline{ANSWER}}} \mid}$

$\sf\small\underline\pink{Mercantalism:-}$

Mercantilism was an economic system of trade that spànned from the 16th century to the 18th century. Under mercantilism, nations frequently engaged their military might to ensure local markets and supply sources were protected, to support the idea that a nation's economic health heavily relied on its supply of capital.

$\rule{300px}{.5ex}$

$\sf\small\underline\pink{Monopoly \: of \: the \: Portuguese:-}$

Portuguese and the Spice Trade. After Vasco de Gama discovered the sea route to India Portuguese ships monopolized the spice trade. The price of pepper in Lisbon was one of what was when the pepper trade was controlled by Egyptian sultans. Portugal established a pepper monopoly by 1504.

$\rule{300px}{.5ex}$

$\sf\small\underline\pink{Causes \: of \: British \: success \: and \: French \: failure:-}$

The victory in Carnatic war prepared the ground for the British to establish their supremacy in India and the French dream of an Indian empire disappeared for ever. With the victory of Wandiwash the British East India Company had no European rival left in India.

$\rule{300px}{.5ex}$

$\sf\small\underline\pink{Mir \: Qasim:-}$

ᴍɪʀ ǫᴀsɪᴍ ᴡᴀs ᴛʜᴇ ɴᴀᴡᴀʙ ᴏғ ʙᴇɴɢᴀʟ ғʀᴏᴍ 1760 ᴛᴏ 1763. ʜᴇ ᴡᴀs ɪɴsᴛᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀs ɴᴀᴡᴀʙ ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴛʜᴇ sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ ᴇᴀsᴛ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴀɴʏ, ʀᴇᴘʟᴀᴄɪɴɢ ᴍɪʀ ᴊᴀғᴀʀ, ʜɪs ғᴀᴛʜᴇʀ-ɪɴ-ʟᴀᴡ, ᴡʜᴏ ʜᴀᴅ ʜɪᴍsᴇʟғ ʙᴇᴇɴ sᴜᴘᴘᴏʀᴛᴇᴅ ᴇᴀʀʟɪᴇʀ ʙʏ ᴛʜᴇ ᴇᴀsᴛ ɪɴᴅɪᴀ ᴄᴏᴍᴘᴀɴʏ ᴀғᴛᴇʀ ʜɪs ʀᴏʟᴇ ɪɴ ᴡɪɴɴɪɴɢ ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀᴛᴛʟᴇ ᴏғ ᴘʟᴀssᴇʏ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ʙʀɪᴛɪsʜ.

$\rule{300px}{.5ex}$

$\sf\small\underline\pink{Outcome \: of \: the \: battle \: of \: Buxar:-}$

The battle resulted in the 1765 Treaty of Allahabad, in which the Mughal Emperor surrendered sovereignty of Bengal to the British. Lord Robert Clive, the victor at the Plassey, became the first governor of Bengal. Losses: British East India Company, fewer than 1,000 casualties of 8,000; Indian states, 6,000 of 35,000.

$\rule{300px}{.5ex}$

$\sf\small\underline\pink{Robert \: \: Clive:-}$

Major-General Robert Clive, 1st Baron Clive KB, FRS, also known as Clive of India, was the first British Governor of the Bengal Presidency. He is credited along with Warren Hastings for laying the foundation of the British Empire in India.

$\rule{300px}{.5ex}$