(a) Write the specific location and the functions of the following cells in human males:
(i) Leydig cells
(ii) Sertoli cells
(iii) Primary spermatocyte
(b) Explain the role of any two accessory glands in human male reproductive system.
Answers
(i) Leydig cells are interstitial cells located adjacent to the seminiferous tubules in the testes. The best-established function of Leydig cells is to produce the androgen, testosterone, under the pulsatile control of pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) (9).
(ii) Sertoli cells are located within the seminiferous tubules of the testes.
Function: They provide nutrition to the developing sperms.
(iii) Found in the inner lining of seminiferous tubules, they undergo meiosis to form spermatids. The spermatids then are converted in spermatozoa or sperms.
Function: provide nutrition to the germ cells/Sperms. Synthesize or secrete male hormones / Testicular hormones / Androgens.
(b) Seminal vesicles
The secretory endpieces of these glands are lined with simple columnar epithelium; the main ducts are lined with stratified columnar epithelium. These glands do not occur in carnivores, but are present in some form in horses, ruminants and swine. Seminal fluid, the product of this gland, serves as a vehicle for the transport of spermatozoa.
Prostate gland
Grossly the prostate gland can be divided into two parts: the body and the disseminate part. Low cuboidal to low columnar epithelium provides the lining for this compound, tubuloalveolar gland which consists primarily of serous secretory end pieces. The secretion of this gland is more serous in dogs and more mucous in bulls. It serves to promote the movement of spermatozoa and to form a vaginal plug. Additionally, in bulls, the secretion contains high amounts of fructose and citric acid. Concretions may be present in the secretory end pieces as well as parts of the duct system.
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a) Specific location and functions of the following:
i. Leydig cells:
Outside of the seminiferous tubules, in the interstitial spaces, are Leydig cells. They create and release androgens (testosterone).
ii. Sertoli cells:
In the testis are the Sertoli cells. They nourish the sperm cells as they are growing. FSH controls how it behaves.
iii. Primary spermatocyte:
They undergo meiosis to create spermatids and are located in the inner lining of seminiferous tubules. After that, the spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa or sperm.
b) The role of any two accessory glands in human male reproductive system - Seminal plasma is produced by male accessory glands.
- It promotes sperm motility.
- Additionally, they release fluid into the urethra.
- They assist in the mobility of immobile sperm as well as the creation of semen and sperm.
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