A2) Complete the following web .
Advantags of goalsin life. (1.4 be smart...! ) 10th class
Answers
Answer:
ADVANTAGS OF GOAL IN LIFE
Explanation:
The Importance and Value of Goal Setting
Up until 2001, goals were divided into three types or groups (Elliot and McGregor (2001):
Mastery goals
Performance-approach goals
Performance-avoidance goals
A mastery goal is a goal someone sets to accomplish or master something such as “I will score higher in this event next time.”
A performance-approach goal is a goal where someone tries to do better than his or her peers. This type of goal could be a goal to look better by losing 5 pounds or getting a better performance review.
A performance-avoidance goal is a goal where someone tries to avoid doing worse that there peers such as a goal to avoid negative feedback.
Research done by Elliot and McGregor in 2001 changed these assumptions. Until this study was published, it was assumed that mastery goals were the best and performance-approach goals were at times good, and other times bad. Performance-avoidance goals were deemed the worst, and, in fact, bad.
The implied assumption, as a result of this, was that there were no bad mastery goals or mastery-avoidance goals.
Elliot and McGregor’s study challenged those assumptions by proving that master-avoidance goals do exist and proving that each type of goal can, in fact, be useful depending on the circumstances.
Elliot and McGregor’s research utilized a 2 x 2 achievement goal framework comprised of:
Mastery-approach
Mastery-avoidance
Performance-approach
Performance-avoidance
These variables were tested in 3 studies. In experiments one and two, explanatory factor analysis was used to break down 12 goal-setting questions into 4 factors, as seen in the diagram below.
Goal Setting
Confirmatory factor analysis was used at a later date to show that mastery-avoidance and mastery-approach fit the data better than mastery alone.
The questions for these studies were created from a series of pilot studies and prior questionnaires. Once all of the questions were combined, a factor-analysis was utilized to confirm that each set of questions expressed different goal-setting components.
Achievement Goal Item
Results of these studies showed that those with a high motive to achieve were much more likely to use approach goals. Those with a high motive to avoid failure, on the other hand, were much more likely to use avoidance goals.
The third experiment examined the same four achievement goal variables and revealed that those more likely to use performance-approach goals were more likely to have higher exam scores, while those who used performance-avoidance goals were more likely to have lower exam scores.
According to the research, motivation in achievement settings is complex, and achievement goals are but one of several types of operative variables to be considered.
Achievement goal regulation, or the actual pursuit of the goal, implicates both the achievement goal itself as well as some other typically higher order factors such as motivationally relevant variables, according to the research done by Elliot and McGregor.
As we can clearly see, the research on goal setting is quite robust.