about cutaneous respiration in frog
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Mechanisms of Frog Respiration (2):
1. Gills
For many frogs, their life cycle includes a "tadpole" or larval stage of
development. Eggs are laid into ponds or lakes, and upon hatching the tadpole uses internal and external gills in order to respire within their aquatic environment. The gills filter oxygen from the water and dispose of respiratory waste products. Upon maturation from a tadpole into a frog, these gills are lost.
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2. Lungs- Postive Pressure Breathing
Many frogs use lungs to respire, bringing in air through their nares and mouth, into the trachea and then to the lungs for gas exchange and uptake of oxygen. However, frogs lack the diaphragm that is an anatomical structure present in many other species. The diaphragm is a muscle used to create a pressure gradient to draw air into the lungs. This is negative pressure breathing. Because they lack this feature, frogs use positive pressure breathing and must actively push air into their lungs.
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3. Cutaneous Respiration
The skin of many frogs is thin and highly vascular to allow for gas exchange. Because of their thin skin, frogs must live in moist environments and secrete mucous from their skin to avoid desiccation. Cutaneous respiration also allows for the frog to remain almost completely submerged under water for long periods of time, while still oxygenating their blood.
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4. Buccopharyngeal Membrane
Frogs can also have gas exchange across the thin, highly vascular buccopharyngeal membrane, a lining along the mouth. This type of respiration can only occur while the frog is not submerged in water, as it requires opening of the mouth.
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Answer:
Cutaneous Respiration:
- The skin of frog provides an extensive surface for exchange of gases.
- It is thin richly supplied with blood and kept moist by the mucus and water. The cutaneous respiration is always carried out.
- It is practically the only mode of respiration when the frog is under water.
- Dissolved oxygen in the water is exchanged through the moist surface of the skin by diffusion.
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