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about emperor Akbar
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Answer 1

Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar [7] ابو الفتح جلال الدين محمد اكبر‬ (15 October 1542[a]– 27 October 1605[10][11]), popularly known as Akbar I (IPA: [əkbər]),[12] also as Akbar the Great[13][14][15][16] (Akbar-i-azam اکبر اعظم‬), was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, who helped the young emperor expand and consolidate Mughal domains in India. A strong personality and a successful general, Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include nearly all of the Indian Subcontinent north of the Godavari river. His power and influence, however, extended over the entire country because of Mughal military, political, cultural, and economic dominance. To unify the vast Mughal state, Akbar established a centralised system of administration throughout his empire and adopted a policy of conciliating conquered rulers through marriage and diplomacy. To preserve peace and order in a religiously and culturally diverse empire, he adopted policies that won him the support of his non-Muslim subjects. Eschewing tribal bonds and Islamic state identity, Akbar strove to unite far-flung lands of his realm through loyalty, expressed through an Indo-Persian culture, to himself as an emperor who had near-divine status.

Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar

جلال الدین محمد اکبر

Badshah of Mughal Empire

Akbar the Great

Emperor Akbar.png

Akbar practising falconry

3rd Mughal emperor

Reign

11 February 1556 – 27 October 1605[1][2]

Coronation

14 February 1556[1]

Predecessor

Humayun

Successor

Jahangir

Regent

Bairam Khan (1556–1560)[3]

Born

Jalal-ud-din Muhammad

15 October 1542[a]

Umerkot, Rajputana (present-day Sindh, Pakistan)

Died

27 October 1605 (aged 63)

Fatehpur Sikri, Agra, Mughal Empire (present-day Uttar Pradesh, India)

Burial

November 1605

Sikandra, Agra

Consort

Ruqaiya Sultan Begum[4][5][6]

Wives

Salima Sultan Begum

Mariam-uz-Zamani

Qasima Banu Begum

Bibi Daulat Shad

Bhakkari Begum

Gauhar-un-Nissa Begum

Issue

Hassan Mirza

Hussain Mirza

Jahangir

Khanum Sultan Begum

Murad Mirza

Daniyal Mirza

Shakr-un-Nissa Begum

Aram Banu Begum

Shams-un-Nissa Begum

Mahi Begum

Full name

Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar[7]

Dynasty

House of Timur

Father

Humayun

Mother

Hamida Banu Begum

Religion

Sunni Islam,[8][9] Din-e-Illahi

Mughal India developed a strong and stable economy, leading to commercial expansion and greater patronage of culture. Akbar himself was a patron of art and culture. He was fond of literature, and created a library of over 24,000 volumes written in Sanskrit, Urdu, Persian, Greek, Latin, Arabic and Kashmiri, staffed by many scholars, translators, artists, calligraphers, scribes, bookbinders and readers. He did much of the cataloging himself through three main groupings.[17] Akbar also established the library of Fatehpur Sikri exclusively for women,[18] and he decreed that schools for the education of both Muslims and Hindus should be established throughout the realm. He also encouraged bookbinding to become a high art.[17] Holy men of many faiths, poets, architects, and artisans adorned his court from all over the world for study and discussion. Akbar's courts at Delhi, Agra, and Fatehpur Sikri became centres of the arts, letters, and learning. Perso-Islamic culture began to merge and blend with indigenous Indian elements, and a distinct Indo-Persian culture emerged characterized by Mughal style arts, painting, and architecture. Disillusioned with orthodox Islam and perhaps hoping to bring about religious unity within his empire, Akbar promulgated Din-i-Ilahi, a syncretic creed derived mainly from Islam and Hinduism as well as some parts of Zoroastrianism and Christianity. A simple, monotheistic cult, tolerant in outlook, it centered on Akbar as a prophet, for which he drew the ire of the ulema and orthodox Muslims. Many of his courtiers followed Din-i-Ilahi as their religion as well, as many believed that Akbar was a prophet. One famous courtier who followed this blended religion was Birbal.[citation needed]

Akbar's reign significantly influenced the course of Indian history. During his rule, the Mughal empire tripled in size and wealth. He created a powerful military system and instituted effective political and social reforms.

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