about milk production
Answers
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Dairy farming is a class of agriculture for long-term production of milk, which is processed (either on the farm or at a dairy plant, either of which may be called a dairy) for eventual sale of a dairy product.
Common species---»»
Although any mammal can produce milk, commercial dairy farms are typically one-species enterprises. In developed countries, dairy farms typically consist of high producing dairy cows. Other species used in commercial dairy farming include goats, sheep, and camels. In Italy, donkey dairies are growing in popularity to produce an alternative milk source for human infants.
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THE ORIGINS OF MILK PRODUCTION
Today’s dairy animals are the product of thousands of years of breeding of untamed animals that lived at different altitudes and latitudes, at times exposed to severe and extreme weather conditions. The techniques used in the production of milk using cows, goats, sheep and buffaloes began around six thousand years ago. The same species of animals are kept for milking today. These herbivorous animals were the natural choice to satisfy humans’ need for food and clothing as they are less dangerous and easier to handle than carnivorous animals. The animals used for milk production are ruminants that eat quickly, in great quantities, and later digest their food.
Today, the most widespread milking animal in the world is the cow. The cow can be found on all continents around the world. Other animals commonly used in both subsistence and industrial dairy farming are goats, sheep and buffaloes. The milk of these animals is of great importance to rural communities as a source of high-quality protein and other constituents. Sheep and goats are of exceptional importance in areas such as the Mediterranean and in large areas of Africa and Asia. The number of sheep and goats in the world is in the billions and they are the most numerous of all milk- and meat-producing animals. The contribution of sheep and goats to milk and meat production in the poorest areas is also considerable: Both animals are a cheap source of food and are mainly kept in conditions where climatic, topographical, economic, technical or sociological factors limit the development of more sophisticated protein production systems.