Question

About the transition elements, write the following in brief:
(i) Oxidation states
(ii) Fomation of coloured compounds​

Answer 1

Answer:

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i) Oxidation number, also called oxidation state, the total number of electrons that an atom either gains or loses in order to form a chemical bond with another atom.

ii) Transition metal ions generally possess one or more unpaired electrons. When visible light falls on a transition metal compound or ion, the unpaired electrons present in the lower energe d-orbital get promoted to high energy d-orbitals, called d-d transition, due to the absorption of visible light. Since, the energy involved in d-d transition is quantised, only a definite wavelength gets absorbed, remaining wavelengths present in the visible region got transmitted. Therefore, transmitted light shows some colour complementary to the absorbed colour.

Explanation:

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