Question

Abstract on Geographic Sciences Project (250-300 words)

Answer 1

Answer:

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Geographic information systems (GIS) are fundamentally an applied science and although the GIS vendor society provides us with the hardware and software with newer, better, and faster technological tools, it is the domain specialists who apply these tools that define the state of the art. The brain of the GIS still lies in the field and district offices, engineering offices, logging divisions, and offices of small GIS entrepreneurs all of whom apply this technology in their field of work. Although many GIS have been successfully implemented, it is evident that two-dimensional maps with very complex contours and color schema cannot precisely present multidimensional and dynamic spatial phenomena. Generally GIS in use today have not been designed to support multimedia data and therefore have very limited potential due to the large data volumes, very rich semantics, and very different modeling and dispensation requirements. This chapter discusses some of the features of a GIS, the general trends in this field, and the technology behind it. It also describes the advantages of using multimedia to implement GIS, which allows extension of its capabilities to present geographic and other information. Then the main subsystems of GIS are presented. The chapter also identifies some of the key areas where multimedia GIS could be useful.

Answer 2

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Geography and energy are two major scientific fields. From one side Geography is the science which answers fundamental questions of spatial behavior of all environmental and human phenomenon and from the other side energy is actually the «fuel» of economic and social development for many countries and regions especially after industrial revolution. In today’s world energy came to be one of the major fields of development, success or even conflict between countries and societies. The division of energy producers and energy suppliers and the world with access to energy or not came to be one of the major problems of world nations. During the last decades’ geography of energy is a result of the tiny mix of geography and energy science. Tiny, because of the very few publications in the field although it is seriously accelerating during the 21st century. It is only after 1961, when the discussion about the role of geographers in the field of energy and the answers to common geographic questions like patterns and spatial understanding of the production, distribution and needs of energy came up to the foreground. It is true that the world face fundamental changes in the patterns of energy production, distribution and use.