Question

According to the hangman how is hangman usually treated by society? What are your views regarding this

Answer 1

Answer:

Hangman's fracture is the colloquial name given to a fracture of both pedicles, or pars interarticulares, of the axis vertebra (C2).

Causes:- The injury mainly occurs from falls, usually in elderly adults, and motor accidents mainly due to impacts of high force causing extension of the neck and great axial load onto the C2 vertebra.[1] In a study based in Norway, 60% of reported cervical fractures came from falls and 21% from motor-related accidents.[2] According to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the group under the highest risk of C2 fractures are elderly people within the age group of 65-84 (39.02%) at risks of falls (61%) or motor accidents (21%) in metropolitan areas (94%). There were 203 discharges from the age group 1-17; 1,843 from 18- to 44-year-olds; 2,147 from 45- to 64-year-olds, 4,890 from 65- to 84-year-olds, and 3440 from 85+-year-olds. Females accounted for 54.45% of occurrences while males accounted for the other 45.38%.

Mechanisms:-The mechanism of the injury is forcible hyperextension of the head, usually with distraction of the neck. Traditionally this would occur during judicial hanging, when the noose was placed below the condemned subject's chin. When the subject was dropped, the head would be forced into hyperextension by the full weight of the body, a sufficient force to cause the fracture. However, despite its long association with judicial hangings, one study of a series of such hangings showed that only a small minority of hangings produced a hangman's fracture.[4]

Apart from hangings, the mechanism of injury—a sudden forceful hyperextension centered just under the chin—occurs mainly with deceleration injuries in which the victim's face or chin strike an unyielding object with the neck in extension. The most common scenario is a frontal motor vehicle accident with an unrestrained passenger or driver, with the person striking the dashboard or windshield with their face or chin. Other scenarios include falls, diving injuries, and collisions between players in contact sports.[citation needed]

Although a hangman's fracture is unstable, survival from this fracture is relatively common, as the fracture itself tends to expand the spinal canal at the C2 level. It is not unusual for patients to walk in for treatment and have such a fracture discovered on X-rays. Only if the force of the injury is severe enough that the vertebral body of C2 is severely subluxed from C3 does the spinal cord become crushed, usually between the vertebral body of C3 and the posterior elements of C1 and C2.[citation needed]

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Answer 2

Answer:

• The hangman's fracture is the colloquial term for a fracture of both pedicles or pars interarticular of the axial vertebra $C_{2}$. The injuries mainly occur during falls, usually in older adults, and automobile accidents, mainly due to high-force impact forces that cause neck extension and extensive axial loading of the $C_{2}$ vertebra.
• The mechanism of the injury is forced hyperextension of the head, usually with distraction to  your neck. Traditionally, this was done during court hangings when the noose was placed under the convict's chin. When the subject was dropped, the body's total weight forced the head to hyperextend, a force sufficient to cause the fracture.
• However, despite its long association with judicial executions, a study of several such commissions showed that only a tiny minority of performances resulted in a hangman's breach. By the way, by hanging, For example, the injury mechanism (a suddenly forced hyperextension just below the chin) occurs primarily in deceleration injuries, where the victim's face or chin strikes an inflexible object with the neck extended.
• The most common scenario is a head-on collision with an unbelted passenger or driver, where the person's face or chin hits the dashboard or windshield. Other methods includefalls ,diving injuries, and collisions between players in contact sports.  
• Although the hangman's fracture is unstable, survival of this unstable fracture is relatively common because the fracture itself tends to widen the spinal canal at the level of $C_{2}$. It is not uncommon for patients to come for treatment only to detect such a fracture on X-rays. Only when the force of the injury is severe enough to severely subluxate the $C_{2}$ vertebra  $C_{3}$ will the spinal cord be crushed, usually between the $C_{3}$  vertebra and the posterior elements of $C_{1}$and $C_{2}$.