According to the law of reflection, if the angle of incidence is 40 degree then the angle of reflection will be?
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Answer:
OK, the question is very simple. Simple when you are in classical world. In this world from a point A to B light always follows that path which requires least time (Fermat's principle - Wikipedia). From Fermat’s Principle you can easily proof that incident angle = reflected angle. Huygens’ Wave Theory also suggest the same thing.
Let’s understand the reflection using quantum mechanics. Classical Field Theory suggest that light is electromagnetic waves. But Einstein showed that Photo-electric Effect cannot be explained using the wave theory of light. So, he used particle theory of light(light is made of particles) to explain the phenomenon. He called those particles photon. Then a crazy behavior of light appeared — “light sometimes behaves like waves and sometimes like particles”. After advent of Quantum Mechanics we called those photons as quantum particles( not the classical particles which can be visualized easily ). Now a photon can follow any possible path between two points. In case of reflection a photon does not follow the path in which incident angle(i) = reflected angle(r). It can follow those paths also in which i doesn’t equal to r.
There are some little arrows(vectors) associated with every paths(square of the length of the arrows are probability that a photon will follow this path). If you add every arrows associated to with each paths the only arrows the final arrow is affected by only those arrows associated with the i=r path and the paths where time is approximately equal to the previously mentioned path i.e the paths in the middle region. As a result it appears to us that incident angle = reflection angle.
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Priyansh Kashyap
Priyansh Kashyap, studied Astronomy & Astrophysics
Answered Jun 25, 2017
It will be 90 - 40 = 50
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Ananth Rajagopal
Ananth Rajagopal, B.Tech Electrical Engineering, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute (2021)
Answered Jun 25, 2017
In case of a plane mirrior,
The angle of Incidence = The angle of Reflection
Hence, If the angle of Incidence is 40 degrees, then the angle of Reflection would also be 40 degrees
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