Account for Rise of left during 1930–1934?
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Though the non-cooperation movement was suspended, yet it left a ray of hope for the people. However, a group for Congress leaders likes C.R. Das, Motilal Nehru etc. were dissatisfied with the sudden suspension of the movement.
They formed a separate party known as Swaraj Party and were ready to contest in elections for Council entry. Their purpose was to oppose the government from within.
In the election of 1923, the Swaraj Party secured absolute majority in Bengal and Central Provinces. But gradually they joined the Gandhian movement.
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In 1927, the British Government appointed the Simon Commission consisting of seven members of the British Parliament with Sir John Simon as its chairman. The Commission was to look into the functioning of the Government of India Act 1919 and to suggest further constitutional reforms for India. Since not a single Indian was included in it, the National Congress rejected to co-operate with the Commission. Everywhere, the Commission was greeted with hartals, black flags and slogans of Simon Go Back’.
In such a hostile atmosphere, the Commission completed its inquiry and submitted its report. But before the report could be considered by the British parliament, the Government proposed to convene a Round Table Conference to determine the nature of future constitutional reforms in India. Being challenged by the British Government to prepare a constitution acceptable to all political parties in India, the Congress appointed a committee under the chairmanship of Motilal Nehru. The Nehru Committee Report suggested for a representative government in India like other dominions such as Canada and Australia. But the British Government even did not assure a Dominion status for India.
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