Actitvity 2.3 Acid bases and salts
Answers
Explanation:
Various reagents mentioned here are PH indicators. We find its use them in chemistry practicals.
Blue Litmus Paper: It is a reagent to test for basic PH. In acidic PH it turns red.
Red litmus paper: It turns blue in basic PH.
Phenolphthalein: (Pronunciation: L Silent) It is a colourless reagent. It turns pink in basic PH.
Methyl Orange: It is a narrow range PH indicator. At PH below 3.1 it is red and PH above 4.4 it is Yellow.
Activity 2.1 Class 10 science Methyl orange
Methyl orange
Observation:
Stronger acids like Hydrochloric acid, Sulphuric acid, Nitric acid have very acidic PH. So, it turns blue litmus into red and gives a red solution with methyl orange.
Similarly, Stronger bases like sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, and ammonium hydroxide turn the red litmus into the blue. With phenolphthalein, they give a pink solution and with methyl orange they give a yellow solution.
For weak acid and bases:
The PH of weak acids and bases depends on their concentration.
For example
Acetic acid: The 1M solution has a PH of 2.88. So It turns Blue litmus Red. Phenolphthalein indicates only basic PH so there is no change in the colour with phenolphthalein. It turns methyl orange into the red.
Inference/conclusion:
Different PH indicators give different colour with the acids and bases. An acid turns the blue litmus paper red while a base reveres this. Bases give red colour with phenolphthalein while with methyl orange it gives a yellow solution. Similarly, acids give red colour with methyl orange.
✨HLO MATE!!! ✨
In the said activity, the reaction between metals and dilute acids leading to the formation of metal salts and hydrogen gas has been shown. When dilute sulphuric acid is added to zinc granules, zinc sulphate and hydrogen gas are formed. This hydrogen gas when passed through soap solution causes the agitation of the mixture resulting in the formation of bubbles. Moreover, as particles of soap are already interacting with water, they do not react with hydrogen gas. Bubbling of gas thus results in the formation of bubbles and any particular chemical reaction between the two does not take place.
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