Question

Active voice and passive voice​

Answer 1

Active voice is a grammatical voice common in many of the world's languages. It is the unmarked voice for clauses featuring a transitive verb in nominative–accusative languages, including English and most other Indo-European languages. A verb in such languages is usually in the active voice when the subject of the verb performs the action named.

Active voice is used in a clause whose subject expresses the main verb's agent. That is, the subject does the verb's designated action.[1] A clause whose agent is marked as grammatical subject is called an active clause. In contrast, a clause in which the subject has the role of patient or theme is named a passive clause, and its verb is expressed in passive voice. Many languages have both an active and a passive voice and this allows for greater flexibility in sentence construction, as either the semantic agent or patient may take the subject syntactic role.[2]

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Answer 2

Active voice

A verb is in the Active voice when its form shows that the person or thing denoted by the subject does something; or is the doer of the active.

Example

1. Ram helps Sita.
2. The chemist will have closed the shop by eight o'clock.
3. We shall have painted the whole house by twelve o'clock.
4. Cats catch mice.
5. I write a letter.
6. My father bought a car.

Passive voice

A verb is in passive voice when its form shows that something is done to the person or thing denoted by the subject.

Example

1. Sita is helped by Ram.
2. The shop will have been closed by the chemist by eight o'clock.
3. The whole house shall have been painted by us by twelve o'clock.
4. Mice are caught by cats.
5. A letter is written by me.
6. A car was brought by her father.

✡Important points✡

✡Important points✡✡ A verb is in the active voice when the person or thing denoted by the subject is "doer" of the action.

✡ A verb is in the passive voice when the person or thing denoted by subject is the "receiver" of the action.

✡Structure of active voice sentence✡

Subject+verb+object

✡Structure of passive voice sentence✡

Object+verb+by+subject