Question

Activity-1
Observation of Budding in Hydra​

Answer 1

Answer:

Organisms such as hydra use regenerative cells for reproduction in the process of budding. In hydra, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site. These buds develop into tiny individuals and, when fully mature, detach from the parent body and become new independent individuals.

Answer 2

Answer:

Experiment:

Objective:

To study budding in hydra with the help of prepared permanent slides.

Apparatus and Materials Required:

Permanent slides of hydra in budding, and a compound microscope.

Theory:

• Reproduction is one of the basic characteristics of a living organism. An organism reproduces to produce more of its own kind. Reproduction may be either asexual or sexual.

• The type of reproduction that takes place without gametes forming is called asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is the type of reproduction in which both the male and female gametes are involved.

• Asexual reproduction is common in lower plants and some lower animals. It is a process of rapid multiplication in which the new organisms produced are genetically identical to the parent. Sexual reproduction is common in higher plants and most animals. The organisms produced by this method are not genetically identical to the parents.

• Asexual reproduction may be of various types such as binary fission, multiple fission, budding, fragmentation, sporulation and vegetative propagation.

Procedure:

1. Observe each permanent slide first under the low-power magnification and then under the high-power magnification of a compound microscope.

2. Draw diagrams and compare their features.

Observations:

1. In this type of asexual reproduction, bulblike projections called buds arise from the parent body.

2. Mature hydra cells are larger, and elongated in shape and have finger like projections.

3. One or more bulblike projections (buds) arise from the cell membrane.

4. The nucleus of the parent cell divides and one of the daughter nuclei passes into the bud.

5. The bud is finally separated from the parent body and grows into a new individual.

6. The parent’s identity is maintained in budding.

Result:

The prepared slides show asexual reproduction in which only one individual is involved in the production of new individuals.

Precautions:

1. Focus the slides properly.

2. Study the slides first under low-power magnification and then under high-power magnification of the compound microscope.

3. Draw diagrams as seen under the microscope.

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