Question

Activity 2
Dip a pencil in a glass of water at about 45° to the surface of the
glass. Examine the appearance of the pencil when viewed at an
angle to the surface of the glass. What do you observe about the
appearance and shape of the pencil? The pencil appears 'bent near
the surface of water.​

Answer 1

Here is your answer,

Due to refraction of light pencil bent. The property of light is that when it passes from rarer medium to denser medium , it bents slightly from the surface of separation. So when we see the pencil, it appears to be bent.

Hope it will help you.