Activity:
+ Discuss the types of problems we would have faced in the absence of any linkage between towns and villages.
please write it on your own words!!
Answers
Answer:
think that the best way to manage the challenges of urban areas in developing countries is to make the rural areas more attractive so that a more balanced spatial structure can be maintained. Too many people find that it is not worth staying in rural areas and move to the urban centres where in many developing countries it has long become impossible for authorities to keep pace with the influx of people. In so-called developed countries there is often a trend away from the urban centres to peri-urban or rural places near to the towns as quality of life if better, rent and other costs are often lower and connectivity good so that commuting has become easy.
Many developing countries where big shares of the populating still live in rural areas should put concerted efforts to make people want to stay there.
The challenges in urban areas are dependent on the individual case. Here in Suva, Fiji, it is high costs for accommodation which leads to fast increasing squatter settlements; here people are often exposed to inadequate environmental conditions (flooding when squatter settlements are built into mangrove forests).
Another challenge is transportation, both private and public.
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Popular Answers (1)

11th Nov, 2015
Sarbeswar Praharaj
UNSW Sydney
Developing country? Although the term looks homogeneous, there are vast differences exist among developing countries in terms of their level of urbanization, public investments in infrastructure and policy reforms. But if one need to say overarching issues in urban context in developing nations there are primarily three.
First and foremost lack of capital and public investment in urban development and infrastructure. The revenue of urban local bodies are astonishingly low in most of the cities leading to inadequate provision of basic services. It also leads to privatization in infrastructure delivery which in turn impact in price rise of utilities and exclusion of poor. Therefore it is essential that cities develop innovation methods to increase their revenue base and gear up public investments in basic infrastructure.
The second most pressing challenge these developing country cities face is concentration of poor in certain districts of the cities generally termed as slums and squatters. The phenomenon is labelled as urbanization of poverty as the people who live in these spaces are mostly rural poor migrated into cities to earn their livelihood. Low income of these communities lead to poor quality of housing and inability to pay for basic services giving shape to poor quality and unhealthy neighborhoods. The way out of this vicious cycle is better land management by the city authorities and provision of serviced land to poor at subsidized rates as well as up gradation of existing house and service quality in slums.
The last but not the least issue is extremely poor capacity of urban local bodies in terms of their institutional setting, professionalism and citizen networking. Majority of the cities in developing world have several institutions providing services and working in isolation. They do not have adequate number of skilled manpower, neither they have professional attitude and work culture. Over and above that most of the public organisations are poor engages with citizens leading to conflict in development. Due to this inability majority of city development plan preparation and implementation are done by consultants resulting in higher cost of development and lower ownership levels. For a change cities need to fastrack institutional reforms, integrate governance systems and innovate with interactive platform for citizen engagement.
Answer:
hey...... mate ur ans.. is here
There are many challenges that these places face including poor road connectivity, primary healthcare system, educational infrastructure and affordable housing.
1. Waste management system: If Prime Minister Narendra Modi's Clean India Campaign has to succeed, then the small towns of India will need an efficient waste management system. This is a key infrastructure required to improve sanitation and prevent outbreak of diseases. At present, wastes from households are mostly disposed in city outskirts by municipalities. There is an urgent need to set up recycling facilities as a lot of times the waste often ends up in rivers polluting them. Also, drainage facilities are a major problem with most towns getting flooded during the monsoons.
2. Power: The government has electrified over 7,000 villages in 2015-16 which stands 37 per cent higher than the previous three years. But this may not necessarily mean that all houses in the villages have access to electricity. This is because it takes time to set up the infrastructure such as transformers and power lines needed to distribute the electricity to every house. According to a study, the delay in actual electrification ranged from two years (in the case of Jharkhand and Bihar, which saw a recent wave of electrification) to more than 25 years in Odisha and about 15 years in the case Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.
3. Roads: There is a positive relationship between connectivity and development in smaller towns and villages in India. With better roads and highways, there can be a better flow of business, trade and communication that will eventually enhance growth. Mountainous areas and remote villages are cut off from the network of roads, which need to be connected. The government has allocated thousands of crores for building a strong transport network that can link different cities and small towns with regional hubs. However, several projects across the country have seen slow progress over the years severely impacting the economic progress of the small towns.
4. Bridges: India has had a bad history of bridges collapsing in both rural and urban areas, endangering people's lives because of weak construction. On March 16, Vivekananda flyover in Kolkata collapsed killing 27 people and injuring 80. Similarlly, on August 3, Mahad bridge on Mumbai-Goa highway collapsed. In the Gujarat town of Junagadh, earlier this year, another bridge had collapsed due to poor materials that were used in its construction. In smaller towns with rivers, bridges are very crucial for children and workers to travel to school or their work site.
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