Administration system of Cholas ? Give five points.
Answers
The Cholas had three major administrative divisions called Central Government, Provincial Government and Local Government. Tanjore was the capital of the Cholas. The efficient Chola administrative system has been well appreciated by many historians and rulers.
The Chola kings and Queens were considered as representatives of God. Their idols were kept in temples. The Chola kingship was hereditary. The Chola royal family followed the principle that eldest son should succeed the king to the Chola throne.
The heir apparent was called Yuvaraja, The Chola monarchs enjoyed enormous powers and privileges. The Chola kings took up titles which marked their achievements. They lived in very big royal palaces. Kings were assisted by ministers and officials in their administration. Chola kings had tiger as their royal emblem.
The Central Government was under the headship of the King. Council of ministers and officials took active part in running the administration of Central Government. The higher officials were called Peruntaram and the lower officials were called Siruntaram. The Chola Empire was divided into nine provinces. They were also called mandalams.
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Chola dynasty ruled from 850 to 1200 and are well known for their creativity and innovation.
System of administration :
(i) It was a monarch system of administration with the King as the superior being and all other powers and officials rested with him. There were officials to advice the King in certain matters.
(ii) Chola dynasty was vast and thus divided in several princely states for a better administration but all the provinces and their rulers lived together in war and in peace.
(iii) There wasn't any central assembly to assist the King in Rule making or to assist in day to day administration like that of the Mauryan Empire.
(iv) Royal towns contributed to the efficiency of Chola administration and the officers were paid by land assignments, and honored and encouraged by titles.
(v) Apart from the Rajya administration, the Village administration of Chola Empire was also very systematic and well developed. Two types of assemblies were held at village level called as 'Ur' or 'Mahasabha'. The Mahasabha was the assembly of Brahman samaj.