advantages and disadvantages of algae
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At low temperatures. which can clog fuel lines and filters in a vehicle's fuel system.DISADVANTAGES Aside from the various advantages of algae-based biofuel. the impact on global food supply could be fatal. algae-based biofuel can not be transported by pipelines since it can not flow well in low temperature.
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Advantages of Algae Biofuel 1. It promises high content of energy. One of the biggest advantages of biomass production from algae is its high energy content. As found by some studies, algae has the capability to produce over 30 times more energy per unit area than other 1st and 2nd generation biofuel crops. In fact, according to the US Department of Energy, it may be able to yield 100 times more oil per acre than soybeans or other terrestrial oil-producing crops. They also said that if algae biofuel replaces all the petroleum fuel in the country, it would require 40,000 square kilometers, which is less than 14% of the area of corn being harvested in 2000.
2. Its basic source grows fast. Algae is characterized by the fast growth, only needing water, sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow, with the per unit area yield of oil estimated to be between 5,000 to 20,000 gallons per acre each year, which is 7 to 30 times greater than the next best crop—Chinese tallow. Also, algae does not affect freshwater sources, can be produced using waste and sea water, are biodegradable and generally has almost no negative environmental impact when biomass is produced from it.
3. It consumes huge amounts of carbon dioxide. Another significant advantage of algae when used as fuel feedstock is its massive consumption of carbon dioxide, which is the main culprit for climate change problems when released to the atmosphere by burning fossil fuels. According to recent studies, producing each gallon of oil from algae only consumes 13 to 14 kilograms of the carbon dioxide, and unlike 1st generation biofuels, it does not have any negative effect on global food supply and prices because it does not require taking away pieces of land that are being used for cultivating food crops
Disadvantages of Algae Bio fuel1.
It requires a huge amount of money. The biggest disadvantage of producing algae bio fuel is that it is still far too expensive to be commercially viable, with the prices of various algae species typically varying between five to 10 dollars per kilogram. As of this time, the industry is still experimenting on a wide variety of methods to grow algae, with the most popular being open-pond systems that accounted for 98% of commercial algae biomass production in 2008. Though these systems are relatively cheap compared to other methods, such as bioreactors, they have some serious flaws, like the possibility of contamination by native algae species, viral infection, evaporation and lower energy density of the oil. For closed-loop systems, they do not have the contamination problems of the open-pond systems, but they also have one major drawback, which is finding a cheap source of sterile carbon dioxide needed for production. That is why these systems are still unaccepted in terms of economical aspects. The ones proving to be the most effective systems in producing high-quality algae are bioreactors, but they are very expensive in terms of operations and maintenance, therefore they are not economically accepted as a method for commercial production. Moreover, a lot more funding and research is necessary to turn the great potential of algae biofuel into a commercially viable product.
2. Its production still needs a lot of work to do. According to research, the production of algae biofuel still needs a lot of work, especially in the process of oil extraction and low yields. In dry extraction, where algae are dried using the sun or artificial means, yields are significantly lower than what is expected. As with using artificial dryers, it takes more electricity to extract than the energy that is being produced. And using the sun is more sustainable, a pond which can take up land is still needed. What’s more, regions where the sun is plentiful are also the places that are suffering from water shortages, making the whole process still not economically viable. However, there is promise in wet extraction—a process that uses heated water—but it still needs more research and development for this potential option to become a reality.
3. It emits captured carbon dioxide. Basically, using algae to filter coal and then burning it will emit captured carbon dioxide. According to Low-tech Magazine, “Algal fuel can even be considered a worse idea than “clean” coal. In the “clean” coal strategy, at least the CO2 is captured with the intention to store it underground. In the case of algae, the CO2 is captured only with the intention to release in the air some time later, by a car engine.”