advantages and disadvantages of broodstock management of fish?
Answers
Answer:
Broodstock, or broodfish, are a group of mature individuals used in aquaculture for breeding purposes. Broodstock can be a population of animals maintained in captivity as a source of replacement for, or enhancement of, seed and fry numbers.These are generally kept in ponds or tanks in which environmental conditions such as photoperiod, temperature and pH are controlled. Such populations often undergo conditioning to ensure maximum fry output. Broodstock can also be sourced from wild populations where they are harvested and held in maturation tanks before their seed is collected for grow-out to market size or the juveniles returned to the sea to supplement natural populations. This method, however, is subject to environmental conditions and can be unreliable seasonally, or annually.
Explanation:
Advantages
Managers can provide for the development of nutrients, which can be used in the production of nutrients and other nutrients. This is further possible in which populations can be selected for over generations, for higher fecundity.
The breeding season and spawning times can be shifted by expanding the seasonal range of production. This leads to more efficient aquaculture because it is available to the market year round. Hormonal treatments can advance spawning by two to three weeks. Manipulating photoperiod can alter spawning time.
Broodstock managers may use or select for traits such as This Ability for genetic improvement of stocks is more efficient and Produces Higher value stock. Broodstocks also enable you to selectively plan and control all matings. Selective breeding is an important part of the domestication of aquaculture species.
Pond-reared broodstocks benefit from the removal of predation which can be a significant cause of mortality in natural populations. They further benefit from the removal of variable environmental impacts.
Holding broodstock in an accessible pond or tank
Disadvantages
When broodstocks are used to supplement natural populations they face different. Thus, they may not have adequate fitness to survive the natural environment, or may alter and reduce the size of the population.
Broodstocks require supplementation from outside sources regularly to prevent negative effects of closed populations. Domestication of broodstocks in hatcheries can reduce reproductive capabilities and alter other genetic characteristics. For example, a trout stock maintained as a closed population for 20 generations Showed Reduced number and size of egg production.