Advantages of phase transfer catalyst over conventional catalyst
Answers
In chemistry, a phase-transfer catalyst is a catalyst which helps in the migration of a reactant from one phase into another phase where reaction takes place.
The advantages of phase-transfer catalyst are:
1. Faster reactions can be achieved.
2. Higher conversions or yields are obtained.
3. There are fewer byproducts.
4. There is no need for expensive or dangerous solvents which dissolve all the reactants in one phase.
5. Expensive raw materials are not required.
6. Waste problems are minimized.
7. They are especially useful in green chemistry. They allow the use of water so there is less need for organic solvents.
8. It is not limited to systems with hydrophobic and hydrophilic reactants. It is used in liquid / solid and liquid / gas reactions as well.
Answer:
(i) The substance in whose presence the rate of a
chemical reaction changes, without causing any
chemical change to it is called a catalyst.
(ii) e.g. Potassium chlorate (KClO3
) decomposes
rapidly in presence of manganese dioxide (MnO2
)
to liberate O2
gas, where manganese dioxide acts
as a catalyst.
(ii) 2KClO3
∆
MnO2
2KCl + 3O2
Explanation: