Advantages of series compensation in power sysytem
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Advantages of Series Compensation
Series compensation has several advantages like it increases transmission capacity, improve system stability, control voltage regulation and ensure proper load division among parallel feeders. These advantages are discussed below.
Increase in Power Transfer Capability – The power transfer over a line is given by

where P1 – power transferred per phase (W)
Vs – sending-end phase voltage (V)
Vr – receiving-end phase voltage
XL – series inductive reactance of the line
δ – phase angle between Vs and Vr
If a capacitor having capacitance reactance Xc is connected in series with the line, the reactance of the line is reduced from XL to ( XL– Xc). The power transfer is given by

where,The factor k is known as a degree of compensation or compensation factor. Thus, per unit compensation is given by the equation percentagecompensation is given by the equation
Where XL = total series inductive reactance of the line per phase
XC = capacitive reactance of the capacitor banck per phase
In practice , k lies between 0.4 and 0.7. For k = 0.5,
Thus, the power transfer is doubled by 50 % compensation.
Improvement in System Stability – For same power transfer and for the same value of sending and receiving end voltage, the phase angle δ in the case of the series impedance line is less that for the uncompensated line. The reduced value of δ gives higher stability.Load Division among Parallel Line – Series capacitors are used in transmission systems for improving the load division between parallel lines. When the new line with large power transfer capability is paralleled with an already existing line, then it is difficult to load the new line without overloading the old line. In such case the series compensation reduces the series reactance and proper load division among parallel circuit can be done easily. Load division increases the power transfer capability of the system and reduced losses.Control of Voltage – In series capacitor, there is an automatic change in Var (reactive power) with the change in load current. Thus the drops in voltage levels due to sudden load variations are corrected instantly.
Series compensation has several advantages like it increases transmission capacity, improve system stability, control voltage regulation and ensure proper load division among parallel feeders. These advantages are discussed below.
Increase in Power Transfer Capability – The power transfer over a line is given by

where P1 – power transferred per phase (W)
Vs – sending-end phase voltage (V)
Vr – receiving-end phase voltage
XL – series inductive reactance of the line
δ – phase angle between Vs and Vr
If a capacitor having capacitance reactance Xc is connected in series with the line, the reactance of the line is reduced from XL to ( XL– Xc). The power transfer is given by

where,The factor k is known as a degree of compensation or compensation factor. Thus, per unit compensation is given by the equation percentagecompensation is given by the equation
Where XL = total series inductive reactance of the line per phase
XC = capacitive reactance of the capacitor banck per phase
In practice , k lies between 0.4 and 0.7. For k = 0.5,
Thus, the power transfer is doubled by 50 % compensation.
Improvement in System Stability – For same power transfer and for the same value of sending and receiving end voltage, the phase angle δ in the case of the series impedance line is less that for the uncompensated line. The reduced value of δ gives higher stability.Load Division among Parallel Line – Series capacitors are used in transmission systems for improving the load division between parallel lines. When the new line with large power transfer capability is paralleled with an already existing line, then it is difficult to load the new line without overloading the old line. In such case the series compensation reduces the series reactance and proper load division among parallel circuit can be done easily. Load division increases the power transfer capability of the system and reduced losses.Control of Voltage – In series capacitor, there is an automatic change in Var (reactive power) with the change in load current. Thus the drops in voltage levels due to sudden load variations are corrected instantly.
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Series compensation has several advantages like it increases transmission capacity, improve system stability, control voltage regulation and ensure proper load division among parallel feeders. These advantages are discussed below.
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