After WWI Communism was introduced, what do you think are the advantages of it?
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Answer:
Communism is an economic system where the group owns the factors of production. In countries, the government represents the group. The means of production are labor, entrepreneurship, capital goods, and natural resources.1 Although the government doesn't legally own the labor force, the central planners tell the people where they should work. German philosopher Karl Marx developed the theory of communism.
He said it was, "From each according to his ability, to each according to his need."2 In his view, capitalistic owners would no longer siphon off all the profits. Instead, the proceeds would go to the workers. To Marx, this meant that people would work at what they loved and did well. They would happily contribute these skills for the good of all. The economy would prosper because they would work harder than in capitalism.
"To each according to his need" meant the community would take care of those who couldn't work. It would distribute goods and services to everyone as they required them. Those who were able to work would be motivated by enlightened self-interest.
10 Characteristics of Communism in Theory
In the Communist Manifesto, Marx and co-author Friedrich Engels outlined the following 10 points.
Abolition of property in land and application of all rents of land to public purposes
A heavy progressive or graduated income tax
Abolition of all right of inheritance
Confiscation of the property of all immigrants and rebels
Equal liability of all to labor and establishment of industrial armies (especially for agriculture)
The gradual abolition of the distinction between town and country
Free education for all children in public schools and abolition of children's factory labor
Centralization of credit in the hands of the state
The state would control communication and transportation
The state factories and instruments of production would cultivate wastelands and improve the soil
The manifesto mentions state ownership in its last three points, which makes even this pure vision of communism sound like socialism. But Marx argued that state ownership is a valid stage in the transition to communism.3
In a true communist economy, the community makes decisions. In most communist countries, the government makes those decisions on their behalf. This system is called a command economy.
The leaders create a plan that outlines their choices, and it's executed with laws, regulations, and directives. The goal of the plan is to give to "each according to his need." Communist countries have free health care, education, and other services. The plan also seeks to increase the nation's economic growth, secure national defense, and maintain infrastructure.
The state owns businesses on behalf of the workers, which, in effect, means the government owns a monopoly. The government rewards company managers for meeting the targets detailed in the plan. In communism, central planners replace the forces of competition and the laws of supply and demand that operate in a market economy, as well as the customs that guide a traditional economy.
Difference Between Communism, Socialism, Capitalism, and Fascism
Communism is most similar to socialism. In both, the people own the factors of production. The most significant difference is that output is distributed according to need in communism, and according to ability under socialism.42 Communism is most different from capitalism, where private individuals are the owners, but it is similar to fascism in that both use central plans. Fascism allows individuals to retain factors of production, and many countries turned to fascism to ward off communism.5
Advantages
Communism has a centrally planned economy; it can quickly mobilize economic resources on a large scale, execute massive projects, and create industrial power. It can move so effectively because it overrides individual self-interest and subjugates the welfare of the general population to achieve critical social goals.
Communist command economies can wholly transform societies to conform to the planner's vision.
Answer:
Communism has a centrally planned economy; it can quickly mobilize economic resources on a large scale, execute massive projects, and create industrial power. It can move so effectively because it overrides individual self-interest and subjugates the welfare of the general population to achieve critical social goals.
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