ah babar da dukhan vich 15 to 20 kilomeeter vich doldli pati ha jo babar da naal naal chaldi ha ah kerdha medaan ha
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Sikhism was coined by Guru Nanak Dev Ji. He was the first Guru of the fifteenth century in the Punjab region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent. The religious practices were formalised by Guru Gobind Singh Ji on 13 April 1699.[1] The latter baptised five persons from different parts of India and had different social backgrounds to form Khalsa (ਖ਼ਾਲਸਾ). The first five, Pure Ones, then baptised Gobind Singh ji into the Khalsa fold.[2] This gives the order of Khalsa, a history of around 300 years.
The history of Sikhism is closely associated with the history of Punjab and the socio-political situation in the north-west of the Indian subcontinent in the 16th century. From the rule of India by the Mughal Emperor Jahangir (r. 1605–1627), Sikhism came into conflict with Mughal laws, because they were affecting political successions of Mughals while cherishing saints from Islam. Mughal rulers killed many prominent Sikhs for refusing to obey their orders,[3] and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs.[4] Of total 10 Sikh gurus,[5][6][7][8][9] two gurus themselves were tortured and executed (Guru Arjan Dev and Guru Tegh Bahadur),[10][11] and close kin of several gurus brutally killed (such as the seven and nine-year old sons of Guru Gobind Singh),[12][13] along with numerous other main revered figures of Sikhism were tortured and killed (such as Banda Bahadur (1716), Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala),[9][12][13] by Mughal rulers for refusing their orders,[3][5][13][12] and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs and Hindus.[4][11][6][9] Subsequently, Sikhism militarised itself to oppose Mughal hegemony. The emergence of the Sikh Confederacy under the misls and Sikh Empire under the reign of the Maharajah Ranjit Singh (r. 1792–1839) was characterised by religious tolerance and pluralism with Christians, Muslims and Hindus in positions of power. The establishment of the Sikh Empire in 1799 is commonly considered the zenith of Sikhism in the political sphere,[14] during its existence (from 1799 to 1849) the Sikh Empire came to include Kashmir, Ladakh, and Peshawar. A number of Muslim and Hindu peasants converted to Sikhism.[15]Hari Singh Nalwa, the Commander-in-chief of the Sikh army along the North West Frontier from 1825 to 1837, took the boundary of the Sikh Empire to the very mouth of the Khyber Pass. The Sikh Empire's secular administration integrated innovative military, economic and governmental reforms.
Sikh organizations, including the Chief Khalsa Dewan and Shiromani Akali Dal led by Master Tara Singh, strongly opposed the partition of India, viewing the possibility of the creation of Pakistan as inviting persecution.[16] The months leading up to the partition of India in 1947, saw heavy conflict in the Punjab between Sikhs and Muslims, which saw the effective religious migration of Punjabi Sikhs and Hindus from West Punjab and mirrored a similar religious migration of Punjabi Muslims from East Punjab. At present, the majority of Sikhs live in the Punjab state of India.