Question

Aim: To separate o mixture of mud ond woter by sedimentation and decantation.

Materials Required:??

Procedure:??

Observation:??​

Answer 1

Answer:

Most of the substances we see around us are mixtures of different elements and compounds.

The process of settling down of particles of a solid in a liquid is known as sedimentation.

insoluble solid from a liquid where the solid is heavier than the liquid

Decantation and sedimentation can be used to separate solids from a liquid when the solid is heavier than the liquid and is insoluble in the liquid.

Explanation:

Decantation can be used to separate immiscible liquids that have different densities. For example, when a mixture of water and oil is present in a beaker, a distinct layer between the two consistency is formed, with the oil layer floating on top of the water layer. This separation can be done by pouring oil out of the container, leaving water behind.Generally, this technique gives an incomplete separation as it is difficult to pour off all of the top layer without pouring out some parts of the bottom layer.

A separatory funnel is an alternative apparatus for separating liquid layers. It has a valve at the bottom to allow draining off the bottom layer. It can give better separation between the two liquids.

Decantation can also separate solid and liquid mixtures by allowing gravity to pull the solid fragments to settle at the bottom of the container.In laboratory situations, decantation of mixtures containing solids and liquids occur in test tubes. To enhance productivity, test tubes should be placed at a 45° angle to allow sediments to settle at the bottom of the apparatus.

A centrifuge may also be used in decantation as the natural process of settling down is time-consuming and tedious. A centrifuge forces the precipitate to the bottom of the container; if the force is high enough, solids can aggregate to form pellets, making it easier to separate the mixtures.Then the liquid can be more easily poured away, as the precipitate will tend to remain in its compressed form.