Science, asked by navisandhu1221, 1 year ago

Air pollution and its control through biotechnology

Answers

Answered by shaims
0
Sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides, hydrogen sulfides, hydrocarbons, particulate matter, are the major components of air pollution and are responsible for health hazards and environmental hazards. But equally important are the substances which cause unpleasent offensive odour. The range of malodorous substances like phenol, styrene, TCE (trichloroethane), VOCs (volatile organic compounds), amines, H2S, methyl mercaptans, ammonia etc. are present in gaseous effluents of various industries, treatment plants, animal rendering activities etc. Deodourisation technology makes use of physical, chemical and biological means for odour removal. Biodeodourisation , though applied since 1923, is still less studied, less discussed and less applied area. The importance and application of biodeodourisation is however, increasing.

The Problem –

Increase in the environmental awareness has resulted in more attention of people to the pollution problems. Pollution is sensed by people by offensive odour far before their receiving the damage therefrom. Administrative regulations are obviously more and this leads to the development of deodourisation technology.

There are variety of industries which produce offensive waste gases. These are the pesticide industry, petrochemical industry, explosive industry, mining, meat processing industry, resin production units, paints and varnishes industry, textile industry, chemical industry, pharmaceutical units, animal rendering units, fermentation plants, broiler chicken house etc.

Range of malodorous substances that may be there in their gaseous effluents are alcohols, amines, ammonia, aldehydes, sulfur dioxides, sulphides, hydrocarbons, phenol, styrene, TCE (trichloroethane), VOCs (volatile organic compounds), H2S, methyl mercaptans, esters, ketones etc. Waste gases is really a major pollution problem for many industrial processes.

Waste gases which have an offensive odour –

(a) may be generated during the production process, or

(b) may originate from storage area, or

(c) may come from pumps and compressors which may have leakages, or

(d) may come during transfer of material, or

(d) they may be coming from open waste-water treatment plants and garbage composting plants.

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