al the observable charges have to be integral multiples of e. Thus, if a
UUT We only basic charges in the universe,
body contains n, electrons and n, protons, the total amount of charge
on the body is n, xen, *(-e) = (n,- n,) e. Since n, and n, are integers,
their difference is also an integer. Thus the charge on any body is always
an integral multiple of e and can be increased or decreased also in steps
of e.
The step size e is, however, very small because at the macroscopic
level, we deal with charges of a few uc. At this scale the fact that charge of
a body can increase or decrease in units of e is not visible. The grainy
nature of the charge is lost and it appears to be continuous.
This situation can be compared with the geometrical concepts of point
and lines. A dotted line viewed from a distance appears continuous
us but is not continuous in reality. As many points very close
each other normally give an impression of a continuous line, m
small charges taken together appear as a continuous ch
distribution.
In with charges that are eno
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