Question

aldol condensation in class 12 th​

Answer 1

Answer:

Aldol condensation occurs in aldehydes having α-hydrogen with a dilute base to give β-hydroxy aldehydes called aldols. This reaction is most commonly known as aldol condensation.

Aldol Condensation can be defined as an organic reaction in which enolate ion reacts with a carbonyl compound to form β-hydroxy ketone or β-hydroxy aldehyde, followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. Aldol Condensation plays a vital role in organic synthesis, creating a path to form carbon-carbon bonds.

The general reaction of aldol condensation is

Aldol Condensation

General Aldol Condensation Reaction

Explanation:

Aldol condensation is an organic reaction in which an enolate ion reacts with carboxyl compound in order to form a β– hydroxyaldehyde or β– hydroxyketone.

Hydroxide functions as a base and therefore moves the acidic a-hydrogen producing the reactive enolate ion. This reaction can be seen as an acid-base reaction.

The aldehyde is attacked at the electrophilic carbonyl carbon by the nucleophilic enolate ion. This attack is a nucleophilic addition reaction and gives alkoxide intermediate.

The alkoxide deprotonates water molecule, thereby producing hydroxide and the β–hydroxyaldehyde.