Question

all important definitions of chapter 9 heredity and evolution of class 10 science​

Answer 1

Answer:

SEE BELOW

Explanation:

1.Heredity:- It is the phenomenon of transfer of characters from parents to offspring is called heredity.

2.Variation:- The difference shown among individuals of the same species or the differences exhibited by offspring as compared to his/her parents is called Variation.

3.Genetics:- It is the study of heredity and evolution.

4.Cross:- It refers to mating of parents in order to form offspring.

5a) Monohybrid Cross:- It is a such type of cross in which one character is studied at a time. Ex:- We consider a character height and obtain different results. So a character is only one that we are noticing, therefore, the cross is Monohybrid.

b) Dihybrid Cross:- It is a such type of cross in which two characters are studied at a time.

c) Phenotype And Genotype:- Physical expression of an organism is phenotype and genetic constitution of an organism is genotype.

6)Sex Determination:- It is the process by which sex of child is determined.

7)Evolution:-It is the gradual sequence of changes that took place over years, and led to development of entirely new species is called evolution.

8)Paleontology:- The study of fossil is known as paleontology.

9)Archaeopteryx:- It is a link between reptiles and birds.

10a)Homologous Organs:- Those organs which have same structure but not same function. Example:- Forelimbs of Man and Cow.

b)Analogous Organs:- Those organs which have same function but different structure. Example:- Wings of Birds and Insects.

11)Vestigial Organs:- Those organs which were functional in our ancestors but now they are hidden is called Vestigial Organs. Example:- Nictating Membrane, Pinna Muscle and Vermiform Appendix.

12)Speciation:- It is the formation of new species from pre-existing ones.

13)***Alle:- The two contrasting genes corresponding to same character.

14)Mutuation:-It is a sudden change in heredity make up of an organism.

15)***Genetic Drift:- The random change in the frequency of alleles in population over successive generations due to error during DNA copying in gametes.

16a)***Inherited Traits:- Characters that are pass from parents to offspring is called inherited traits.

b)***Acquired Traits:- Traits that are acquired during lifetime is called acquired traits.

Answer 2

Answer:

variation are changes in the increasing the survival of species in changed environment

Explanation:

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