all important definitions of chapter 9 heredity and evolution of class 10 science
Answers
Answer:
SEE BELOW
Explanation:
1.Heredity:- It is the phenomenon of transfer of characters from parents to offspring is called heredity.
2.Variation:- The difference shown among individuals of the same species or the differences exhibited by offspring as compared to his/her parents is called Variation.
3.Genetics:- It is the study of heredity and evolution.
4.Cross:- It refers to mating of parents in order to form offspring.
5a) Monohybrid Cross:- It is a such type of cross in which one character is studied at a time. Ex:- We consider a character height and obtain different results. So a character is only one that we are noticing, therefore, the cross is Monohybrid.
b) Dihybrid Cross:- It is a such type of cross in which two characters are studied at a time.
c) Phenotype And Genotype:- Physical expression of an organism is phenotype and genetic constitution of an organism is genotype.
6)Sex Determination:- It is the process by which sex of child is determined.
7)Evolution:-It is the gradual sequence of changes that took place over years, and led to development of entirely new species is called evolution.
8)Paleontology:- The study of fossil is known as paleontology.
9)Archaeopteryx:- It is a link between reptiles and birds.
10a)Homologous Organs:- Those organs which have same structure but not same function. Example:- Forelimbs of Man and Cow.
b)Analogous Organs:- Those organs which have same function but different structure. Example:- Wings of Birds and Insects.
11)Vestigial Organs:- Those organs which were functional in our ancestors but now they are hidden is called Vestigial Organs. Example:- Nictating Membrane, Pinna Muscle and Vermiform Appendix.
12)Speciation:- It is the formation of new species from pre-existing ones.
13)***Alle:- The two contrasting genes corresponding to same character.
14)Mutuation:-It is a sudden change in heredity make up of an organism.
15)***Genetic Drift:- The random change in the frequency of alleles in population over successive generations due to error during DNA copying in gametes.
16a)***Inherited Traits:- Characters that are pass from parents to offspring is called inherited traits.
b)***Acquired Traits:- Traits that are acquired during lifetime is called acquired traits.
Answer:
variation are changes in the increasing the survival of species in changed environment
Explanation:
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