Alluvial soil Black soil Desert soil Laterite soil Mountain soil Red soil
give a paragraph for every soil..
Answers
Answer:
1. Alluvial soil:
Alluvial soil is soil deposited by surface water. You will find them in rivers, plains, and deltas (such as the Mississippi Delta), stream terraces, and areas called alluvial fans. The last category is the result of the spread of the soil in a triangular fan shape due to flooding.
Alluvium consists of silt, sand, clay, and gravel and often contains a good deal of organic matter.
2. Black soil:
Black soil is a type of soil that is clayey in nature and is rich in soil nutrients like calcium, carbonate, magnesium, potash, and lime. Apart from having these nutrients, the soil can accept freely insecticides, pesticides, and other natural manure that are useful for cultivation.
Black soil is very rich in nutrients, and many important crops have the potential to thrive in it. Cotton, tobacco, oilseeds, ragi, and maize are some examples.
3. Desert soil:
Desert soils are dry and tend to have clumpy vegetation. Desert soils form in areas where the demand for water by the atmosphere (evaporation) and plants (transpiration) is much greater than precipitation.
It has a low content of nitrogen and organic matter with very high calcium carbonate and phosphate, making it infertile.
4. Laterite soil:
Laterite is both a soil and a rock type rich in iron and aluminium and is commonly considered to have formed in hot and wet tropical areas.
Laterite, a soil layer that is rich in iron oxide and derived from a wide variety of rocks weathering under strongly oxidizing and leaching conditions. It forms in tropical and subtropical regions where the climate is humid. The aluminum-rich representative of laterite is bauxite.
5. Mountain soil:
The soil found in the valley and sloppy regions of the Himalayas at an altitude of about 2700 to 3000 metres above the sea level is known as Mountain soil. Mountain soil is dark brown in colour and is found in regions where trees like pine and chid grow.
The mountain soil will be found in the Himalayan region of Jammu and Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh, and Uttaranchal, and also some parts of the Western and Eastern Ghats and the Peninsular plateau.
6. Red soil:
Red soils are formed by weathering of the ancient crystalline and metamorphic rocks. Their color is red due to their very high iron content. They are found in areas of low rainfall and is obviously less leached than laterite soils. They are sandier and have less clayey soils.
Red soil contains a high percentage of iron content, which is responsible for its color. This soil is deficient in nitrogen, humus, phosphoric acid, magnesium, and lime but fairly rich in potash, with its pH ranging from neutral to acidic.
→ Alluvial soil:
As we know that it consists of gravel, sand, organic matter, etc. it is deposited through surface water and is found in stream terraces, deltas, rivers, etc.
→ Black soil:
As we know black soil is rich in minerals. it is rich in magnesia, iron, and lime. are derivatives of trap lava, it is deficient in humus, phosphorus, etc.
→ Desert soil:
It may be brown and brick red in color, gravelly and sandy in texture, dry, it is poor in nutrients. it has low moisture and organic matter.
→ Laterite soil:
It is rich in iron oxide, form in tropical, subtropical areas, formed under high temperatures.
→ Mountain soil:
It is dark brown in color, located in the Himalayas sloppy and valley area. acidic in nature, located in hill slopes, it is poorly developed.
→ Red soil:
It is rich in potash and iron. due to the high content of iron, it appears in red color. located in low rainfall areas. it is good for rice, fruits, cotton, etc production.