Question

Although both CO2 and H2O are triatomic molecules , the shape of H2O molecule bent while that of CO2 is linear . Explain this on the basis of dipole moment .

Answer 1

Answer:

The dipole moment is the product of the magnitude of the positive or negative charge (q) & the distance (d) between the charges,i.e

μ=q×d.

The SI unit is coulomb meter. The molecule with symmetrical & linear geometries has zero dipole moment because they are the vector in nature & the dipole of different bonds cancels with one another.

CO2 is symmetrical & has dipole moment 0.Therefore it will have a linear shape with a bond angle 180°.

So, Resultant μ = 0 D

H2O is an unsymmetrical molecule & bent geometries, the geometries have a specific dipole moment (1.84D) because the bond polarities do not cancel each other. Therefore H2O will have a bent structure with bond angle 104°.

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