Question

Aluminium (III) chloride is stable whereas Thallium (III) chloride is highly unstable. Why?

Answer 1

Answer:

If you want to know why AlCl3 is more stable than TiCl3, it is because, +1 oxidation state increases down the group and +3 oxidation state decreases down the group due to increase in inert pair effect. Also, the absence of d-orbitals in Al helps the electrons overcome the state of excitation. Hope this helps.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

Aluminium (III) chloride is stable whereas Thallium (III) chloride is highly unstable.

This can be explained with the help of INERT PAIR EFFECT !

• This is a peculiar effect seen in the lower period elements in a particular group of the Modern Periodic Table.

• In Group 3 , as we move down along the group, the oxidation number reduces from +3 to +1.

• This change is observed mainly due to to the reluctance of 's' electrons to take part in bonding.

• The general electronic configuration of this group is ns² np¹. So, the reluctance of ns² electrons in bonding in Thallium makes its max oxidation state as +1.

• Hence, for Thallium , +1 oxidation state is stable, but for aluminium, it's +3.

• Thats why $AlCl_{3}$ is stable, but for Thallium, $TlCl$ is stable.

Hope It Helps.