Question

Amino acids are the "building blocks of proteins" and the sequence of amino acids determines whether the protein will be used to build bone, or carry oxygen, or break down food molecules. What is the name of the bond which links these amino acids together in a protein?​

Answer 1

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The peptide bond⭐⭐⭐⭐

In chemistry, we are told that bonds can be single (which are capable of rotation) or double (which cannot rotate)*. The peptide bond is somewhere in between these two classifications, and as such has restricted rotation. 

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*There are other types of bond, but these are not relevant here and so will not be discussed.

This reaction is called a condensation reaction, as water is released upon the formation of the peptide bond (the H20 is formed by one H+ ion donated by the amino group and one OH- ion donated by the carboxyl group). 

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Answer 2

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In the builder analogy, the peptide bond would be the cement. Amino acids are very aptly and cleverly named, as they contain both an amino group and a carboxyl (acidic) group.

The amino group from one amino acid and the carboxyl group from another undergo a reaction and become covalently linked, meaning that they share electrons.

This reaction is called a condensation reaction, as water is released upon the formation of the peptide bond (the H20 is formed by one H+ ion donated by the amino group and one OH- ion donated by the carboxyl group).

In chemistry, we are told that bonds can be single (which are capable of rotation) or double (which cannot rotate)*.

The peptide bond is somewhere in between these two classifications, and as such has restricted rotation.

*There are other types of bond, but these are not relevant here and so will not be discussed.

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