Among the following compounds, the decreasing
order of reactivity towards electrophilic
substitution is
(a) III > I > II > IV (b) IV > I > II > III
(c) I > II > III > IV (d) II > I > III > IV
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Toluene is having one methyl group which is electron-donating group causing a negative charge on the carbon atom of the ring so it is highly reactive towards electrophile which is already electron deficient.
Benzene has a delocalised set of electron cloud which attracts electrophile while chloro and nitro group are electronegative causing positive charge on carbon atom so are not reactive towards electrophilic substitution.
Cl shows -I effect and −NO
2
shows strong electron-withdrawing effect. So least reactive
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