Question

Amongst the elements b, c, n, 0 and f, which one has the highest electron affinity and why ? Explain.

Answer 1

Fluorine has the highest electron affinity as having higher effective nuclear charge and the smallest size.

Explanation:

Electron affinity is the amount of energy released when an isolated gaseous atom accepts electron to form the corresponding anion.

Trend of electron affinity across the period:-

• Across the period, the electron affinity increases as there is an increase in effective nuclear charge.
• Due to this, there is more force of attraction between the nucleus and the valence electrons when moving left to right in a period.
• Thus, more amount of energy is released when an electron is being gained in the neutral atom to form anion.
• Thus, electron affinity increases when moving left to right of the period.

Thus,

B , C , N , O , F are the members of the second period and the rightmost element of this period which has the highest electron affinity value. Thus, F has the highest electron affinity.

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