An 12 or 10 pages on waste management and how to stop it
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The importance of Waste Management and Recycling
Planning the waste management and recycling for all of the rubbish produced in this country is an enormous task which involves both logistical planning and scientific knowledge and understanding in order to balance the impact on the environment and the cost effectiveness of the process.
Waste management and recycling companies are also feeling an extra pressure to perform their role in the greenest ways possible. It is important to remember that the UK’s resources and landfill sites are limited and this has a major bearing on the kind of activities that are carried out.
Waste collection and rubbish disposal play an extremely important role in the global cleanliness and sustainability drive, with people’s health and the conservation of resources being the responsibility of every government. To ease the pressure on government agencies, numerous privately-managed organisations also play a part in these waste management and recycling programs. In many cities it means that local government agencies have been left with the responsibility of overseeing the work done by these privately held organisations.
Thousands of years ago humans simply dug a hole and buried their refuse and waste. This was an effective technique for these early people because their population was relatively small and they did not produce waste on the same scale or with the levels of complexity that modern humans do. Burying the rubbish helped to prevent bugs and rodents from becoming a nuisance and spreading diseases.
In the modern world burying all of our rubbish is not a sustainable solution. While primitive humans produced very little waste, and that which was produced would biodegrade quickly, modern humans produce much larger amounts of waste, much of which is not biodegradable. Additionally, many types of waste may be damaging to the soil, ground water and surrounding habitat.
The most important reason for waste collection is the protection of the environment and the health of the population.
Rubbish and waste can cause air and water pollution. Rotting garbage is also known to produce harmful gases that mix with the air and can cause breathing problems in people. By inspecting the vegetation around landfill sites carefully you can determine the damage that can be caused by garbage and waste if left untreated in the open. To address this problem modern waste management professionals place garbage in lined holes and use bacteria to help facilitate its rapid decomposition. Rotting garbage and waste emanates a foul smell that can cause nausea among people who come into contact with it. It can also be a source for waterborne diseases such as cholera and abdominal conditions and discomfort. Since water sources need to be protected the role of waste disposal companies is very important. These organisations should make it a priority to secure their landfill sites so that water bodies are not affected by the garbage and waste collected from homes and commercial establishments.
Waste collection companies also sort the garbage into recyclable columns, as recycling the products that leave our homes is of utmost importance. Recycling not only helps in conserving our natural resources but also reduces the cost of production of many products. Products such as glass, oil, plastic, paper can all be recycled which will ultimately put less pressure on the natural resources used to manufacture these products.
Lastly, waste management and recycling collection can help conserve our planet’s natural beauty which can be flawed by thoughtless disposal of waste, fly-tipping and senseless littering. Landscapes can be ruined through littering and places of tourist interest can lose their attraction; it is also a blight for those who live in areas where waste collection and recycling is not managed effectively and responsibly. Natural beauty is a legacy and a right for future generations and conserving it, as well as our natural resources, for their benefit is our responsibility today.
There are many challenges facing the waste management and recycling industry but there is also a lot of excellent work going on to ensure that this is an industry to be proud of and one that will continue to secure effective, sustainable and ecologically sound waste management and recycling for many years to come.
Planning the waste management and recycling for all of the rubbish produced in this country is an enormous task which involves both logistical planning and scientific knowledge and understanding in order to balance the impact on the environment and the cost effectiveness of the process.
Waste management and recycling companies are also feeling an extra pressure to perform their role in the greenest ways possible. It is important to remember that the UK’s resources and landfill sites are limited and this has a major bearing on the kind of activities that are carried out.
Waste collection and rubbish disposal play an extremely important role in the global cleanliness and sustainability drive, with people’s health and the conservation of resources being the responsibility of every government. To ease the pressure on government agencies, numerous privately-managed organisations also play a part in these waste management and recycling programs. In many cities it means that local government agencies have been left with the responsibility of overseeing the work done by these privately held organisations.
Thousands of years ago humans simply dug a hole and buried their refuse and waste. This was an effective technique for these early people because their population was relatively small and they did not produce waste on the same scale or with the levels of complexity that modern humans do. Burying the rubbish helped to prevent bugs and rodents from becoming a nuisance and spreading diseases.
In the modern world burying all of our rubbish is not a sustainable solution. While primitive humans produced very little waste, and that which was produced would biodegrade quickly, modern humans produce much larger amounts of waste, much of which is not biodegradable. Additionally, many types of waste may be damaging to the soil, ground water and surrounding habitat.
The most important reason for waste collection is the protection of the environment and the health of the population.
Rubbish and waste can cause air and water pollution. Rotting garbage is also known to produce harmful gases that mix with the air and can cause breathing problems in people. By inspecting the vegetation around landfill sites carefully you can determine the damage that can be caused by garbage and waste if left untreated in the open. To address this problem modern waste management professionals place garbage in lined holes and use bacteria to help facilitate its rapid decomposition. Rotting garbage and waste emanates a foul smell that can cause nausea among people who come into contact with it. It can also be a source for waterborne diseases such as cholera and abdominal conditions and discomfort. Since water sources need to be protected the role of waste disposal companies is very important. These organisations should make it a priority to secure their landfill sites so that water bodies are not affected by the garbage and waste collected from homes and commercial establishments.
Waste collection companies also sort the garbage into recyclable columns, as recycling the products that leave our homes is of utmost importance. Recycling not only helps in conserving our natural resources but also reduces the cost of production of many products. Products such as glass, oil, plastic, paper can all be recycled which will ultimately put less pressure on the natural resources used to manufacture these products.
Lastly, waste management and recycling collection can help conserve our planet’s natural beauty which can be flawed by thoughtless disposal of waste, fly-tipping and senseless littering. Landscapes can be ruined through littering and places of tourist interest can lose their attraction; it is also a blight for those who live in areas where waste collection and recycling is not managed effectively and responsibly. Natural beauty is a legacy and a right for future generations and conserving it, as well as our natural resources, for their benefit is our responsibility today.
There are many challenges facing the waste management and recycling industry but there is also a lot of excellent work going on to ensure that this is an industry to be proud of and one that will continue to secure effective, sustainable and ecologically sound waste management and recycling for many years to come.
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Waste management or waste disposal are all the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page). It is produced due to human activity such as when factories extract and process raw materials.[1] Waste management is intended to reduce adverse effects of waste on health, the environment or aesthetics.
Waste management practices are not uniform among countries (developed and developing nations); regions (urban and rural areas), and sectors (residential and industrial).[2]
A large portion of waste management practices deal with municipal solid waste(MSW) which is the bulk of the waste that is created by household, industrial, and commercial activity.[3]
RE -USE
Recoverable materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material, food scraps, and paper products, can be recovered through composting and digestion processes to decompose the organic matter. The resulting organic material is then recycled as mulch or compost for agricultural or landscaping purposes. In addition, waste gas from the process (such as methane) can be captured and used for generating electricity and heat (CHP/cogeneration) maximising efficiencies. The intention of biological processing in waste management is to control and accelerate the natural process of decomposition of organic matter. (See resource recovery).
Energy recoveryEdit
Main article: Waste-to-energy
Energy recovery from waste is the conversion of non-recyclable waste materials into usable heat, electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including combustion, gasification, pyrolyzation, anaerobic digestion, and landfill gas recovery.[18] This process is often called waste-to-energy. Energy recovery from waste is part of the non-hazardous waste management hierarchy. Using energy recovery to convert non-recyclable waste materials into electricity and heat, generates a renewable energy source and can reduce carbon emissions by offsetting the need for energy from fossil sources as well as reduce methane generation from landfills.[18] Globally, waste-to-energy accounts for 16% of waste management.[19]
The energy content of waste products can be harnessed directly by using them as a direct combustion fuel, or indirectly by processing them into another type of fuel. Thermal treatment ranges from using waste as a fuel source for cooking or heating and the use of the gas fuel (see above), to fuel for boilers to generate steam and electricity in a turbine. Pyrolysis and gasification are two related forms of thermal treatment where waste materials are heated to high temperatures with limited oxygen availability. The process usually occurs in a sealed vessel under high pressure. Pyrolysis of solid waste converts the material into solid, liquid and gas products. The liquid and gas can be burnt to produce energy or refined into other chemical products (chemical refinery). The solid residue (char) can be further refined into products such as activated carbon. Gasification and advanced Plasma arc gasification are used to convert organic materials directly into a synthetic gas (syngas) composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The gas is then burnt to produce electricity and steam. An alternative to pyrolysis is high temperature and pressure supercritical water decomposition (hydrothermal monophasic oxidation).
PyrolysisEdit
Main article: Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is often used to convert many types of domestic and industrial residues into a recovered fuel. Different types of waste input (such as plant waste, food waste, tyres) placed in the pyrolysis process potentially yield an alternative to fossil fuels.[20]Pyrolysis is a process of thermo-chemical decomposition of organic materials by heat in the absence of stoichiometric quantities of oxygen; the decomposition produces various hydrocarbon gases.[21] During pyrolysis, the molecules of object vibrate at high frequencies to an extent that molecules start breaking down. The rate of pyrolysis increases with temperature. In industrial applications, temperatures are above 430 °C (800 °F).[22] Slow pyrolysis produces gases and solid charcoal.[23] Pyrolysis hold promise for conversion of waste biomass into useful liquid fuel. Pyrolysis of waste wood and plastics can potentially produce fuel. The solids left from pyrolysis contain metals, glass, sand and pyrolysis coke which does not convert to gas. Compared to the process of incineration, certain types of pyrolysis processes release less harmful by-products that contain alkali metals, sulphur, and chlorine. However, pyrolysis of some waste yields gasses which impact the environment such as HCl and SO2.[24]
Waste management practices are not uniform among countries (developed and developing nations); regions (urban and rural areas), and sectors (residential and industrial).[2]
A large portion of waste management practices deal with municipal solid waste(MSW) which is the bulk of the waste that is created by household, industrial, and commercial activity.[3]
RE -USE
Recoverable materials that are organic in nature, such as plant material, food scraps, and paper products, can be recovered through composting and digestion processes to decompose the organic matter. The resulting organic material is then recycled as mulch or compost for agricultural or landscaping purposes. In addition, waste gas from the process (such as methane) can be captured and used for generating electricity and heat (CHP/cogeneration) maximising efficiencies. The intention of biological processing in waste management is to control and accelerate the natural process of decomposition of organic matter. (See resource recovery).
Energy recoveryEdit
Main article: Waste-to-energy
Energy recovery from waste is the conversion of non-recyclable waste materials into usable heat, electricity, or fuel through a variety of processes, including combustion, gasification, pyrolyzation, anaerobic digestion, and landfill gas recovery.[18] This process is often called waste-to-energy. Energy recovery from waste is part of the non-hazardous waste management hierarchy. Using energy recovery to convert non-recyclable waste materials into electricity and heat, generates a renewable energy source and can reduce carbon emissions by offsetting the need for energy from fossil sources as well as reduce methane generation from landfills.[18] Globally, waste-to-energy accounts for 16% of waste management.[19]
The energy content of waste products can be harnessed directly by using them as a direct combustion fuel, or indirectly by processing them into another type of fuel. Thermal treatment ranges from using waste as a fuel source for cooking or heating and the use of the gas fuel (see above), to fuel for boilers to generate steam and electricity in a turbine. Pyrolysis and gasification are two related forms of thermal treatment where waste materials are heated to high temperatures with limited oxygen availability. The process usually occurs in a sealed vessel under high pressure. Pyrolysis of solid waste converts the material into solid, liquid and gas products. The liquid and gas can be burnt to produce energy or refined into other chemical products (chemical refinery). The solid residue (char) can be further refined into products such as activated carbon. Gasification and advanced Plasma arc gasification are used to convert organic materials directly into a synthetic gas (syngas) composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. The gas is then burnt to produce electricity and steam. An alternative to pyrolysis is high temperature and pressure supercritical water decomposition (hydrothermal monophasic oxidation).
PyrolysisEdit
Main article: Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis is often used to convert many types of domestic and industrial residues into a recovered fuel. Different types of waste input (such as plant waste, food waste, tyres) placed in the pyrolysis process potentially yield an alternative to fossil fuels.[20]Pyrolysis is a process of thermo-chemical decomposition of organic materials by heat in the absence of stoichiometric quantities of oxygen; the decomposition produces various hydrocarbon gases.[21] During pyrolysis, the molecules of object vibrate at high frequencies to an extent that molecules start breaking down. The rate of pyrolysis increases with temperature. In industrial applications, temperatures are above 430 °C (800 °F).[22] Slow pyrolysis produces gases and solid charcoal.[23] Pyrolysis hold promise for conversion of waste biomass into useful liquid fuel. Pyrolysis of waste wood and plastics can potentially produce fuel. The solids left from pyrolysis contain metals, glass, sand and pyrolysis coke which does not convert to gas. Compared to the process of incineration, certain types of pyrolysis processes release less harmful by-products that contain alkali metals, sulphur, and chlorine. However, pyrolysis of some waste yields gasses which impact the environment such as HCl and SO2.[24]
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